order,superfamily,family,genus,species,endosymbiont-induced,remarks,Ploidy,Reference Hymenoptera,Apoidea,Apidae,Apis,mellifera caucasica,,,,Mackensen O 1943. The occurrence of parthenogenetic females in some strains of honeybees. Journal of Economic Entomology. 36(3): 465-467; Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292. Hymenoptera,Apoidea,Apidae,Apis,mellifera ligustica,,,,Mackensen O 1943. The occurrence of parthenogenetic females in some strains of honeybees. Journal of Economic Entomology. 36(3): 465-467; Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292. Hymenoptera,Chalcidoidea,Pteromalidae,Nasonia,vitripennis,,,,"Flanders SE 1945. The bisexuality of uniparental Hymenoptera, a function of the environment. The American Naturalist. 79(781)æ: 122-141" Hymenoptera,Chalcidoidea,Pteromalidae,Spalangia,endius,,,,"Bandara HMJ and Walter GH 1993. Virgin production of female offspring in a usually arrhenotokous wasp, Spalangia endius Walker (Hymenoptera:Pteromalidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 32:127-128 " Hymenoptera,Ichneumonoidea,Braconidae,Bracon,hebetor,,,2n=20?,"Flanders SE 1945. The bisexuality of uniparental Hymenoptera, a function of the environment. The American Naturalist. 79(781)æ: 122-141; Slobodchikoff CN and Daly HV 1971. Systematic and evolutionary implications of parthenogenesis in the hymenoptera. American Zoologist. 11(2)æ: 273-282" Hymenoptera,Ichneumonoidea,Ichneumonidae,Ephialtes,extensor,,,,"Flanders SE 1945. The bisexuality of uniparental Hymenoptera, a function of the environment. The American Naturalist. 79(781)æ: 122-141" Hymenoptera,Tenthredinoidea,Tenthredinidae,Pteronidea,ribesii,,,,Sanderson AR 1932. The cytology of parthenogenesis in tenthredinidae. Genetica 14:321-493. Hymenoptera,Tenthredinoidea,Tenthredinidae,Thrinax,mixta,,,,Sanderson AR 1932. The cytology of parthenogenesis in tenthredinidae. Genetica 14:321-493. Hymenoptera,Vespoidea,Formicidae,Lasius,alienus,,,,Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292. Hymenoptera,Vespoidea,Formicidae,Lasius,brunneus,,,,Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292. Hymenoptera,Vespoidea,Formicidae,Lasius,flavus,,,,Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292. Hymenoptera,Vespoidea,Formicidae,Lasius,niger,,,,"Flanders SE 1945. The bisexuality of uniparental Hymenoptera, a function of the environment. The American Naturalist. 79(781)æ: 122-141; Slobodchikoff CN and Daly HV 1971. Systematic and evolutionary implications of parthenogenesis in the hymenoptera. American Zoologist. 11(2)æ: 273-282; Rabeling C and Kronauer DJ. 2013. Thelytokous parthenogenesis in eusocial Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 273-292." Hymenoptera,Vespoidea,Scoliidae,Campsomeris,trifasciatus,,,,"Flanders SE 1945. The bisexuality of uniparental Hymenoptera, a function of the environment. The American Naturalist. 79(781)æ: 122-141" Thysanoptera,Terebrantia,Thripidae,Frankliniella,occidentalis,N,,,"Kumm S and Moritz G 2010. Life-cycle variation, including female production by virgin females in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Applied Ecology 134:491-497." Trombidiformes,Tetranychoidae,Tetranychidae,Tetranychus,pacificus,,,2n=6,Helle W and Bolland HR 1967. Karyotypes and sex-determination in spider mites (Tetranychidae). Genetica 38:43-53