Species Mass_grams Source Eudimorphodon_rosenfeldi 156.1190199 Own Eudimorphodon_ranzii 289.4735004 Own Eudimorphodon_cromptonellus 11.605347 Own Raeticodactylus_filisurensis 728.2527957 Own Caviramus_schesaplanensis 147.4035982 Own Peteinosaurus_zambelli 98.39534949 Own Austriadactylus_cristatus 536.2556752 Own Preondactylus_buffarinii 54.58704313 Own Dimorphodon_macronyx 786.2290143 Own Parapsicephalus_purdoni 621.988031 Own Campylognathoides_liasicus 420.5578868 Own Campylognathoides_zitteli 1397.284309 Own Sericipterus_wucaiwanensis 772.6192498 Own Angustinaripterus_longicephalus 1172.721514 Own Harpactognathus_gentryii 1841.144112 Own Nesodactylus_hesperius 737.0035289 Own Rhamphorhynchus_muensteri 528.9927631 Own Cacibupteryx_caribensis 2002.554618 Own Dorygnathus_banthensis 1071.70327 Own Scaphognathus_crassirostris 786.2290143 Own Sordes_pilosus 292.0227504 Own Darwinopterus_modularis 318.23752 Own Pterorhynchus_wellnhoferi 238.9247828 Own Changchengopterus_pani 58.50204934 Own Anurognathus_ammoni 53.63298282 Own Batrachognathus_volans 150.8546641 Own Jeholopterus_ningchengensis 262.2890976 Own Dendrorhynchoides_curvidentatus 39.68294403 Own Gnathosaurus_subulatus 1723.453591 Own Gnathosaurus_macrurus 4515.942181 Own Huanhepterus_quingyangensis 3340.712378 Own Elanodactylus_prolatus 3277.33866 Own Kepodactylus_insperatus 2002.554618 Own Ctenochasma_elegans 466.2124057 Own Ctenochasma_porocristata 1149.812795 Own Pterodaustro_guinazui 2155.468696 Own Eosipterus_yangi 577.2412088 Own Beipiaopterus_chenianus 500.5179989 Own Gegepterus_changi 264.6958157 Own Cycnorhamphus_suevicus 750.2443346 Own Gallodactylus_canjuersensis 895.2221434 Own Moganopterus_zhuiana 34165.33368 Own Feilongus_youngi 4002.0916 Own Boreopterus_cuiae 885.4152698 Own Ardeadactylus_longicollum 1297.35373 Own Pterodactylus_kochi 119.9319219 Own Pterodactylus_antiquus 600.3437488 Own Germanodactylus_rhamphastinus 439.7875599 Own Germanodactylus_cristatus 318.23752 Own Haopterus_gracilis 737.0035289 Own Anhanguera_santanae 10914.18593 Own Anhanguera_piscator 16420.83961 Own Anhanguera_araripensis 13830.37892 Own Anhanguera_blittersdorffi 9390.06363 Own Liaoningopterus_gui 11649.59667 Own Tropeognathus_mesembrinus 9120.308282 Own Ornithocheirus_simus 10125.22568 Own Ludodactylus_sibbicki 8338.458161 Own Cearadactylus_atrox 11430.38774 Own Lonchodectes_compressirostris 1909.349665 Own Longchengopterus_zhaoi 1481.686429 Own Nurhachius_ignaciobritoi 2931.531788 Own Liaoxipterus_brachyognathus 452.8873347 Own Istiodactylus_sinensis 3990.297561 Own Istiodactylus_latidens 12367.48596 Own Pteranodon_sternbergi 34372.4091 Own Pteranodon_longiceps 40607.38475 Own Muzquizopteryx_coahuilensis 1886.453299 Own Nyctosaurus_lamegoi 10432.52608 Own Nyctosaurus_gracilis 6218.908045 Own Tupandactylus_imperator 4669.4541 Own Bakonydraco_galaczi 7752.68884 Own Huaxiapterus_benxiensis 965.6463939 Own Huaxiapterus_corallatus 885.4152698 Own Huaxiapterus_jii 960.5125381 Own Sinopterus_dongi 408.0164566 Own Eopteranodon_lii 493.542856 Own Sinopterus_gui 108.1360316 Own Nemicolopterus_crypticus 13.21820403 Own Bennettazhia_oregonensis 7042.965002 Own Dsungaripterus_weii 8284.174243 Own Noripterus_complicidens 1195.894836 Own Noripterus_parvus 7857.339995 Own Thalassodromeus_sethi 21442.7275 Own Tupuxuara_leonardii 4109.154946 Own Chaoyangopterus_zhangi 1494.928723 Own Jidapterus_edentus 1055.382161 Own Shenzhoupterus_chaoyangensis 1737.916766 Own Eoazhdarcho_liaoxiensis 1121.547651 Own Azhdarcho_lancicollis 13830.37892 Own Zhejiangopterus_linhaiensis 7191.701509 Own Arambourgiania_philadelphiae 125530.5551 Own Quetzalcoatlus_northropi 98105.44397 Own Abrictosaurus_consors 1200.531255 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Achillobator_giganticus 450716.4276 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Acrocanthosaurus_atokensis 3449564.602 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Adeopapposaurus_mognai 43862.06688 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Afrovenator_abakensis 1035716.839 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Agujaceratops_mariscalensis 2618816.875 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Alamosaurus_sanjuanensis 35100518.69 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Albertosaurus_sarcophagus 2009830.931 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Alioramus 276068.9301 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Allosaurus_fragilis 2537929.684 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Alvarezsaurus_calvoi 3140.358826 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Amargasaurus_cazaui 10719094.03 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Anabisetia_saldiviai 28580.35282 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Anchiornis_huxleyi 699.4437413 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Anchisaurus_polyzelus 137389.3344 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Animantarx_ramaljonesi 763045.8046 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ankylosaurus_magniventris 4773121.494 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Anserimimus_planinychus 178284.431 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Antetonitrus_ingenipes 5630660.533 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Apatosaurus_ajax 33205599.28 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Apatosaurus_excelsus 30487397.98 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Apatosaurus_louisae 41193753.44 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Apatosaurus_parvus 24234234.63 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Appalachiosaurus_montgomeriensis 887721.9539 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Apsaravis_ukhaana 114.6336059 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 30 Archaeoceratops_yujingziensis 4994.428971 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Archaeopteryx 589.5711805 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 39 Archaeorhynchus_spatula 166.7021334 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 22 Archaeornithomimus_asiaticus 188608.961 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Atlasaurus_imelakei 25937388.17 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Aucasaurus_garridoi 850681.1833 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Australovenator_wintonensis 313269.581 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Austroraptor_cabazai 518351.7928 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Avimimus_portentosus 11092.49402 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Bactrosaurus_johnsoni 1794656.363 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Baptornis_advenus 4902.991799 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Baptornis_varneri 10289.83217 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Barilium_dawsoni 4260287.38 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Barosaurus_lentus 13141171.57 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Beishanlong_grandis 620884.854 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Boluochia_zhengi 123.9176602 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Brachiosaurus_altithorax 56150936.62 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Brachylophosaurus_canadensis 4451288.739 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Buitreraptor_gonzalezorum 3307.822901 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Callovosaurus_leedsi 65976.72033 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Camarasaurus_grandis 18143091.81 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Camarasaurus_lentus 3832962.482 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Camptosaurus_dispar 1035716.839 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Carcharodontosaurus_saharicus 2989854.958 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Carnotaurus_sastrei 1639394.678 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Cedarosaurus_weiskopfae 15269501.32 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Centrosaurus_apertus 2488832.19 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Cerasinops_hodgskissi 119496 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ceratosaurus_nasicornis 498185.0752 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Changchengornis_hengdaoziensis 98.85868187 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Chaoyangia_beishanensis 306.2774817 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 23 Chasmosaurus_belli 3092820.898 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chasmosaurus_russelli 3489772.439 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chilantaisaurus_tashuikouensis 3584777.238 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chirostenotes_pergracilis 51046.22297 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chromogisaurus_novasi 13040.00274 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chuandongocoelurus_primitivus 18025.87936 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chuanjiesaurus_anaensis 12363916.66 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chubutisaurus_insignis 29122047.39 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Chungkingosaurus_jiangbeiensis 3018095.173 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Citipati_osmolskae 123842.199 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Coelophysis_bauri 9033.525219 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Coelophysis_rhodesiensis 13040.00274 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Comahuesaurus_windhauseni 12310634.03 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Compsognathus_corallestris 2322.28092 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Concavenator_corcovatus 668283.4001 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Concornis_lacustris 45.88476175 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 19 Condorraptor_currumili 364060.6972 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Confuciusornis_dui 499.6779252 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Confuciusornis_sanctus 474.5340741 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Corythosaurus_intermedius 3450273.32 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Cryolophosaurus_ellioti 348312.3576 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dacentrurus_armatus 7362309.11 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Daspletosaurus_torosus 603891.2529 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Deinonychus_antirrhopus 96539.90318 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dicraeosaurus_sattleri 10146264.84 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Didactylornis_jii 3082.654723 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dilong_paradoxus 10075.67517 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dilophosaurus_wetherilli 289669.1588 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Diplodocus_carnegiei 13777380.91 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Diplodocus_hayi 16304960.68 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Diplodocus_longus 14787743.21 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dromaeosaurus_albertensis 34962.05052 Farlow, J. O., & Planka, E. R. (2002). Body size overlap, habitat partitioning and living space requirements of terrestrial vertebrate predators: implications for the paleoecology of large theropod dinosaurs. Historical Biology, 16(1), 21-40. Dryosaurus_altus 155610.9602 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dryptosaurus_aquilunguis 1025396.294 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Dysalotosaurus_lettowvorbecki 143523.6734 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Edmontonia_longiceps 2253330.768 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Edmontosaurus_annectens 6599325.132 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Edmontosaurus_regalis 7574048.86 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Efraasia_diagnostica 37203.57495 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ekrixinatosaurus_novasi 1256193.315 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Elaphrosaurus_bambergi 262882.0616 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Elrhazosaurus_nigeriensis 48053.32483 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Enaliornis 499.6779252 Steadman, D. W. (2003). Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs. The Auk, 120(4), 1206-1208. Eoabelisaurus_mefi 877615.408 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Eoalulavis_hoyasi 55.11329573 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 16 Eocathayornis_walkeri 55.9766324 Serrano, F. J., Palmqvist, P., & Sanz, J. L. (2015). Multivariate analysis of neognath skeletal measurements: implications for body mass estimation in Mesozoic birds. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 173(4), 929-955. Eoconfuciusornis_zhengi 166.7021334 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Eoenantiornis_buhleri 108.6235305 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 18 Eoraptor_lunensis 17250.19375 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Epachthosaurus_sciuttoi 12957680.6 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Epidexipteryx_hui 391.1835613 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Erliansaurus_bellamanus 199215.8444 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Eucnemesaurus_fortis 688173.6539 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Euhelopus_zdanskyi 5914570.509 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Euoplocephalus_tutus 2326093.556 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Europasaurus_holgeri 1043725.632 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Eustreptospondylus_oxoniensis 364060.6972 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Falcarius_utahensis 83425.74923 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ferganasaurus_verzilini 8790333.971 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Fruitadens_haagarorum 727.6396224 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Fukuiraptor_kitadaniensis 250103.0772 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Futalognkosaurus_dukei 38069604.78 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gallimimus_bullatus 126541.3506 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gansus_yumensis 108.6235305 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 31 Gargoyleosaurus_parkpinorum 889744.1778 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Garudimimus_brevipes 111407.9027 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gasparinisaura_cincosaltensis 12409.82778 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gastonia_burgei 1409149.819 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Genusaurus_sisteronis 92032.92182 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gideonmantellia_amosanjuanae 5031.987597 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Giganotosaurus_carolinii 6126833.736 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gigantoraptor_erlianensis 1994084.503 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gilmoreosaurus_mongolensis 1296385.015 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Giraffatitan_brancai 33942057.19 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gobipteryx_minuta 93.34605154 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12 Gorgosaurus_libratus 2483371.838 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Graciliraptor_lujiatunensis 1755.192396 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gryposaurus_latidens 4223693.646 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Gryposaurus_notabilis 4304753.011 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Guanlong_wucaii 71504.93875 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Haplocheirus_sollers 19927.83812 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Haya_griva 11388.68919 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Herrerasaurus_ischigualastensis 273842.5607 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Hesperornis 23541.69805 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Hexinlusaurus_multidens 9440.101182 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Hollanda_luceria 2649.371545 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 32 Homalocephale_calathocercos 38464.14831 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Hongshanornis_longicresta 30.5332786 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 28 Hungarosaurus_tormai 687222.3611 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Huoshanornis_huji 26.2745876 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 20 Hypacrosaurus_altispinus 3683371.993 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Hypsilophodon_foxi 24081.53927 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Iberomesornis_romerali 15.83256814 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ichthyornis_dispar 90.76036985 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Iguanodon_bernissartensis 8254620.92 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ingenia_yanshini 39751.5669 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Janenschia_robusta 13625961.03 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Jeholornis 1715.324371 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 34 Jeholosaurus_shangyuanensis 9654.790559 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Jianchangornis_microdonta 745.421453 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 23 Jinfengopteryx_elegans 1452.247489 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 43 Jingshanosaurus_xinwaensis 2913074.498 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Jinzhouornis_zhangjiyingia 199.8901597 Matsukawa, M., Shibata, K., Sato, K., Xing, X., & Lockley, M. G. (2014). The Early Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems of the Jehol Biota based on food‐web and energy‐flow models. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113(3), 836-853. Jixiangornis_orientalis 1190.041037 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 36 Jobaria_tiguidensis 13588272.3 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Kangnasaurus_coetzeei 241807.6411 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Kentrosaurus_aethiopicus 1594497.048 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Khaan_mckennai 26020.57455 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Klamelisaurus_gobiensis 11002676.8 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Kotasaurus_yamanpalliensis 5022877.054 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lambeosaurus_lambei 3295124.157 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Leptoceratops_gracilis 415637.0909 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Leshansaurus_qianweiensis 683349.9255 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lesothosaurus_diagnosticus 6308.301975 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lessemsaurus_sauropoides 1757443.913 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Liaoningornis_longiditris 64.26576732 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 17 Ligabuesaurus_leanzai 20399176.55 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Liliensternus_liliensterni 83425.74923 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Limaysaurus_tessonei 11575821.36 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Limusaurus_inextricabilis 17174.89889 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lithornis 657.5574278 Zelenitsky, D. K., Therrien, F., Ridgely, R. C., McGee, A. R., & Witmer, L. M. (2011, December). Evolution of olfaction in non-avian theropod dinosaurs and birds. In Proc. R. Soc. B (Vol. 278, No. 1725, pp. 3625-3634). The Royal Society. Longicrusavis_houi 51.87240979 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 29 Longipteryx_chaoyangensis 129.9581223 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Longirostravis_hani 31.38236792 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Loricatosaurus_priscus 2835633.986 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lourinhasaurus_alenquerensis 30550407.17 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Lufengosaurus_magnus 2255587.774 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mahakala_omnogovae 761.8159019 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Maiasaura_peeblesorum 3650642.835 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Majungasaurus_crenatissimus 1611810.087 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Malawisaurus_dixeyi 6943530.02 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mamenchisaurus_constructus 17560775.33 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mamenchisaurus_youngi 6230326.42 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mantellisaurus_atherfieldensis 1427031.932 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mapusaurus_roseae 4134194.454 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Masiakasaurus_knopfleri 19643.01906 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Massospondylus_carinatus 487075.6882 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Megalosaurus_bucklandii 1439690.901 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mei_long 845.4873381 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 43 Metriacanthosaurus_parkeri 1267934.105 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Micropachycephalosaurus_hongtuyanensis 5913.163548 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Microraptor_gui 1498.306479 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Microraptor_zhaoianus 395.7905178 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Microvenator_celer 4330.310839 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mochlodon_vorosi 31294.86871 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Mononykus_olecranus 4655.204593 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Montanoceratops_cerorynchus 187364.0462 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Muttaburrasaurus_langdoni 4260287.38 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Neovenator_salerii 1015141.419 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Neuquenornis_volans 400.9632935 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 15 Neuquenraptor_argentinus 49404.15503 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Neuquensaurus_australis 6063328.681 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Niobrarasaurus_coleii 1175898.343 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Nothronychus_graffami 1187199.868 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Nqwebasaurus_thwazi 5337.136962 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Olorotitan_arharensis 4125948.502 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Omeisaurus_junghsiensis 8886395.419 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Omeisaurus_maoianus 7783557.22 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Omeisaurus_tianfuensis 15730056.8 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Opisthocoelicaudia_skarzynskii 25373194.76 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ornitholestes_hermanni 14360.5971 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ornithomimus_edmontonicus 83425.74923 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Orodromeus_makelai 19643.01906 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Otogornis_genghisi 170.9088625 Serrano, F. J., Palmqvist, P., & Sanz, J. L. (2015). Multivariate analysis of neognath skeletal measurements: implications for body mass estimation in Mesozoic birds. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 173(4), 929-955. Ouranosaurus_nigeriensis 1522190.394 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Pachycephalosaurus_wyomingensis 369408.9309 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Pachyrhinosaurus_canadensis 4432800.913 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Pantydraco_caducus 1161.957336 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Parasaurolophus_cyrtoctristatus 4929548.045 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Parasaurolophus_walkeri 5109382.216 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Parksosaurus_warreni 69630.71897 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Parvicursor_remotus 136.9792051 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Patagonykus_puertai 33580.49639 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Patagopteryx_deferrariisi 2446.089031 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 26 Pengornis_houi 250.9303644 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 14 Pentaceratops_sternbergii 10783980.97 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Phuwiangosaurus_sirindhornae 9635520.566 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Pisanosaurus_mertii 31192.86507 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Plateosauravus_cullingworthi 1339481.328 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Plateosaurus_engelhardti 916164.8544 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Prenocephale_prenes 62447.10834 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Probactrosaurus_mazongshanensis 1486143.874 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Prosaurolophus_maximus 3107527.36 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Protoceratops_andrewsi 82597.65511 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Protopteryx_fengningensis 36.29156536 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Psittacosaurus_gobiensis 9387.166406 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Psittacosaurus_neimongoliensis 8438.308934 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Psittacosaurus_sinensis 4143.105055 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Rahonavis_ostromi 575.7688426 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 37 Rapaxavis_pani 15.83256814 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Rhabdodon_priscum 1663035.164 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Rinconsaurus_caudamirus 4073245.322 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Riojasaurus_incertus 1142573.459 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Ruehleia_bedheimensis 1142573.459 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saichania_chulsanensis 611126.7066 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saltasaurus_loricatus 5760592.004 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sapeornis_chaoyangensis 1898.84171 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sarahsaurus_aurifontanalis 100074.6041 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saturnalia_tupiniquim 10636.57184 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saurolophus_osborni 6627903.909 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sauropelta_edwardsi 3005511.621 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saurophaganax_maximus 3770238.621 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sauroposeidon_proteles 12417013.02 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Saurornithoides_mongoliensis 18823.40144 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 40 Schizooura_lii 209.4989905 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 24 Shantungosaurus_giganteus 17340017.15 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Shanweiniao_cooperorum 31.38236792 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Shenqiornis_mengi 284.0523352 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 21 Shenzhouraptor_sinensis 745.421453 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 35 Shenzhousaurus_orientalis 17250.19375 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Shunosaurus_lii 6660296.007 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Shuvuuia_deserti 2800.036826 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sinornithoides_youngi 3470.779116 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 42 Sinornithosaurus_milleni 2666.350623 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sinosauropteryx_prima 990.9186038 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sinovenator_changii 1998.424433 Matsukawa, M., Shibata, K., Sato, K., Xing, X., & Lockley, M. G. (2014). The Early Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems of the Jehol Biota based on food‐web and energy‐flow models. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113(3), 836-853. Sinraptor_dongi 1160777.315 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Sinraptor_hepingensis 1975355.191 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Skorpiovenator_bustingorryi 1196587.831 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Songlingornis_linghensis 49.97972335 Matsukawa, M., Shibata, K., Sato, K., Xing, X., & Lockley, M. G. (2014). The Early Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems of the Jehol Biota based on food‐web and energy‐flow models. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113(3), 836-853. Staurikosaurus_pricei 23147.59213 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Stegoceras_validum 16127.03934 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Stegosaurus_mjosi 4715286.803 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Stegosaurus_ungulatus 6942565.919 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Stokesosaurus_langhami 493509.1095 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Stormbergia_dangershoeki 40920.9792 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Struthiomimus_altus 151818.1776 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Styracosaurus_albertensis 4161323.769 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Suchomimus_tenerensis 2901215.22 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Suzhousaurus_megatheroides 3068754.004 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tanycolagreus_topwilsoni 51046.22297 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tarbosaurus_bataar 2341548.965 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tawa_hallae 3736.581689 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tehuelchesaurus_benitezii 41193753.44 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tenontosaurus_dossi 797562.6285 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tenontosaurus_tilletti 614973.6941 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Teratophoneus_curriei 945180.9099 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Thescelosaurus_assiniboiensis 108414.9082 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Thescelosaurus_neglectus 338058.4545 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tianyulong_confuciusi 738.1183147 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tianyuraptor_ostromi 19643.01906 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tornieria_africana 12283461.18 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Torvosaurus_tanneri 2429566.08 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Triceratops_horridus 13513093.95 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Triceratops_prorsus 10882215.29 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Troodon 52352.45939 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 41 Tsintaosaurus_spinorhinus 4715286.803 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tuojiangosaurus_multispinus 4779097.863 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Turiasaurus_riodevensis 50829743.4 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tyrannosaurus_rex 7681012.866 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Tyrannotitan_chubutensis 4909871.785 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Unenlagia_comahuensis 62447.10834 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Utahraptor 289622.0566 Zanno, L. E., & Makovicky, P. J. (2013). Neovenatorid theropods are apex predators in the Late Cretaceous of North America. Nature Communications, 4. Valdosaurus_canaliculatus 48053.32483 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Vegavis_iaai 696.404858 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Velociraptor 15424.56763 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Vescornis_hebeiensis 37.21583725 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 13 Vorona_berivotrensis 1706.013291 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 25 Vulcanodon_karibaensis 9756076.938 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Xiaotingia_zhengi 784.6845838 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 38 Xiongguanlong_baimoensis 171605.6134 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Yanornis_martini 1490.983125 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 28 Yinlong_downsi 5534.142184 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Yixianornis_grabaui 314.8467919 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 27 Yuanmousaurus_jiangyiensis 7783557.22 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Yunnanosaurus_huangi 433080.9162 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Zalmoxes_robustus 118554.4296 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Zalmoxes_shqiperorum 115965.3754 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853. Zhongjianornis_yangi 569.625096 Serrano, F. J., Palmqvist, P., & Sanz, J. L. (2015). Multivariate analysis of neognath skeletal measurements: implications for body mass estimation in Mesozoic birds. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 173(4), 929-955. Zhongornis_haoae 26.2745876 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 33 Zuolong_salleei 88309.14109 Benson, R. B., Campione, N. E., Carrano, M. T., Mannion, P. D., Sullivan, C., Upchurch, P., & Evans, D. C. (2014). Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage. PLoS Biol, 12(5), e1001853.