GENERAL INFORMATION Title: ‘The living heart: Climate gradients predict desert mountain endemism’ Principle investigator: Peter McDonald, Flora and Fauna Division, Northern Territory Department of Environment and Natural Resources, PO Box 1120, Alice Springs, NT 0871, Australia. Email: petermc@sprep.org. Date of data collection: In January 2020 we sourced records of endemic plant species from the Australasian Virtual Herbarium (https://avh.ala.org.au/#tab_simpleSearch) and land snail and vertebrate records from the Atlas of Living Australia (https://www.ala.org.au/). We also sourced the layers used in the Maxent models at the same time. See paper Methods for more information. Location: MacDonnell Ranges bioregion and the neighbouring Mt Chapple subregion, from the Burt Plain bioregion to the north (https://www.environment.gov.au/land/nrs/science/ibra). DATA AND FILE OVERVIEW Data descriptions: Taxa_records.csv – point location data in decimal degrees (wgs84) for all endemic taxa (see taxa definition in paper). Files created January 2020. Maxent layers – zip folder containing Maxent layers used in all taxa SDMs. See paper methods for more information. Files created January 2020. Rcode_GAMs – the folder containing R code for regional endemism GAM models. Files created January 2020. SHARING AND ACCESS INFORMATION See original data sources for licenses and restrictions: - Australasian Virtual Herbarium https://avh.ala.org.au/#tab_simpleSearch - Atlas of living Australia https://www.ala.org.au/ - WorldClim https://worldclim.org/data/bioclim.html - Geoscience Australia https://www.ga.gov.au/ METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION See paper methods.