This Hagge_etal_2021_saproxylic_beetle_morphological_trait_database_README.txt file was generated on 2021-04-27 by Jonas Hagge GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Title of Dataset: Morphological trait database of saproxylic beetles 2. Author Information A. Principal Investigator Contact Information Name: Hagge, Jonas Institution/Adress: Forest Nature Conservation, Georg‐August‐University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Forest Nature Conservation, Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Prof.-Oelkers-Str. 6, 34346 Hann. Münden, Germany Email: jonashagge@posteo.de B. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Müller, Jörg, Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyunger Str. 2, 94481 Grafenau, Germany; Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Glashüttenstraße 5, 96181 Rauhenebrach, Germany Birkemoe, Tone, The Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Aas, Norway Buse, Jörn, Black Forest National Park, Kniebisstr. 67, 72250 Freudenstadt, Germany* Christensen, Rune Haubo Bojesen, Christensen Statistics, Bringetoften 7, 3500 Værløse, Denmark Gossner, Martin M., Forest Entomology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Gruppe, Axel, Chair of Zoology, Entomology Research Group, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany Heibl, Christoph, Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyunger Str. 2, 94481 Grafenau, Germany Jarzabek-Müller, Andrea, Anton-Hilz-Strasse 42, 94566 Riedlhütte, Germany Seibold, Sebastian, Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; Berchtesgaden National Park, Doktorberg 6, 83471 Berchtesgaden, Germany Siitonen, Juha, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland Soutinho, João Gonçalo, Bavarian Forest National Park, Freyunger Str. 2, 94481 Grafenau, Germany Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne, The Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Aas, Norway Thorn, Simon, Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Glashüttenstraße 5, 96181 Rauhenebrach, Germany Drag, Lukas, Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Glashüttenstraße 5, 96181 Rauhenebrach, Germany 3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2016-2020 4. Geographic location of data collection: Europe 5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: none SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: - 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: - 3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: - 4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: - 5. Was data derived from another source?: no 6. Recommended citation for this dataset: Hagge, J., Müller, J, Birkemoe, T., Buse, J., Christensen, R.H.C., Gossner, M.M., Gruppe, A., Heibl, C., Jarzabek-Müller, A., Seibold, S., Siitonen, J., Soutinho, J.G., Sverdrup-Thygeson, A., Thorn, S. & Drag, L. (2021) What does a threatened saproxylic beetle look like? Modelling extinction risk using a new morphological trait database, Journal of Animal Ecology, in press. DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1. File List: hagge_etal_saproxylic_beetle_morphological_trait_database_20210426.csv 2. Relationship between files, if important: - 3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: none 4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset?: no METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Thirty-two morphological traits were measured directly and five additional traits (wing load, wing aspect, mandibular aspect ratio, total hairiness and body roundness) were calculated based on these measured values. All traits were measured on the right side of the beetles’ bodies, with the left side measured only when body parts were damaged or missing. The morphological measurements of the beetles were made using a Leica M205 C (Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH., Switzerland) stereomicroscope with a magnification range of 7.8× to 160× and an optical resolution of 0.952 µm. The line, segmented-line and area measurement tools of the Leica LAS Core (version LAS V4.1.0) measurement software were used in combination with the Leica DFC295 digital colour camera (Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH., Switzerland). Beetle mass was measured using Sartorius M5P microbalances (Sartorius AG, Germany) with a resolution of 0.001 mg. The colour lightness of the beetle species was estimated using the workflow of a computer-assisted digital image analysis system (Schweiger & Beierkuhnlein, 2016; Zeuss et al., 2014). Digital photos published in the book “Käfer Mitteleuropas” (Dries, 2016) served as the reference. The beetle species in the book were photographed under standardised conditions in dorsal view against a white background. Subsequently, the white background of the red, green and blue (RGB) photographs was removed and the mean of the RGB colour channel across all pixels of each image was calculated. Possible colour lightness values thus ranged from 0 for completely blackish to 255 for completely whitish species. Dries, B. (2016). Käfer Mitteleuropas. Holzkirchen: Bruno Dries. Schweiger, A. H., & Beierkuhnlein, C. (2016). Size dependency in colour patterns of Western Palearctic carabids. Ecography, 39(9), 846–857. doi: 10.1111/ecog.01570 Zeuss, D., Brandl, R., Brändle, M., Rahbek, C., & Brunzel, S. (2014). Global warming favours light-coloured insects in Europe. Nature Communications, 5(May 2013), 3874. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4874 2. Methods for processing the data: raw data were presented 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: - 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: - 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: - 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: - 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: see Author Information DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: hagge_etal_saproxylic_beetle_morphological_trait_database_20210426.csv 1. Number of variables: 57 2. Number of cases/rows: 1170 3. Variable List: Variable Type Unit Measurement edv_code string Unique species code follwoing Lucht (1987), Lohse & Lucht (1989, 1992, 1993) and Bleich, Gürlich, Köhler (2020) species string Species name follwoing current taxonomy (Bleich, Gürlich and Köhler 2020) family string Family name follwoing current taxonomy (Bleich, Gürlich and Köhler 2020) individuals_measured numeric Number of individuals measured sex_measured categorical Sex measured for the species; both, female, male saproxylic_beetle_europe boolean Saproxylic beetle present in Europe; 1 = yes, 0 = no saproxylic_beetle_germany boolean Saproxylic beetle listed for Germany (Schmidl and Bussler 2004); 1 = yes, 0 = no rl_cat_germany categorical German Red List category (Schmidl & Büche, 2020; Schmidt, Trautner and Müller-Motzfeld, 2016); * = least concern, 3 = vulnerable, 2 = endangered, 1 = critically endangered, 0 = extinct, V = near threatened, G = indeterminate, R = restricted range, D = data deficient, nb = not evaluated rl_population_current_germnany categorical Current population status listed in the German Red List (Schmidl & Büche, 2020; Schmidt, Trautner and Müller-Motzfeld, 2016); ex = extinct or vanished, es = extremly rare, ss = very rare, s = rare, mh = moderately abundant, h = abundant, sh = very abundant, ? = unknown sexual_dimorphism_regarding_13_traits_extinction_risk_analyses boolean Species with sexual dimorphism regarding the 13 traits included in the extinction risk analysis (Freude, Harde and Lohse 1964-83; Lompe 2020); 1 = yes, 0 = no sexual_dimorphism_comment string Comment on sexual dimorphism regarding the 13 traits included in the extinction risk analysis (Freude, Harde and Lohse 1964-83; Lompe 2020) sexual_dimorphism_other_morphological_charact string Comment on sexual dimorphism not covered by the 13 traits included in the extinction risk analysis (Freude, Harde and Lohse 1964-83; Lompe 2020) mean_body_length_literature numeric mm Mean body length extracted from taxonmic literature (Freude, Harde and Lohse 1964-83) colour_lightness numeric Mean RGB value of digital photos published in the book “Käfer Mitteleuropas” (Dries, 2016); possible range from 0 for completely blackish to 255 for completely whitish species mass numeric mg Wet mass of the specimen: specimens stored in 70% ethanol were placed for 20 s on a paper tissue then on the balance, with the mass recorded after another 20 s; Sartorius M5P Micro Balances (Sartorius AG, Germany) with a resolution of 0.001 mg body_length numeric mm Length from the distal part of the labrum to the distal part of the pygidium in dorsal view body_width numeric mm Broadest body width in dorsal view body_height numeric mm Broadest body height in lateral view body_roundness numeric body_height divided by body_width head_length numeric mm Broadest head length in dorsal view head_width numeric mm Broadest head width in dorsal view pronotum_length numeric mm Broadest pronotum length in dorsal view pronotum_width numeric mm Broadest pronotum width in dorsal view elytra_length numeric mm Broadest elytra length in dorsal view elytra_width numeric mm Broadest elytra width in dorsal view wing_length numeric mm Broadest wing length in horizonal view; right wing was dissect from the beetle and was unfolded and embeded in Polyvinyl - Lactophenol on a microscope slide wing_width numeric mm Broadest wing width in horizonal view; right wing was dissect from the beetle and was unfolded and embeded in Polyvinyl - Lactophenol on a microscope slide wing_area numeric mm2 Wing area in horizonal view; right wing was dissect from the beetle and was unfolded and embeded in Polyvinyl - Lactophenol on a microscope slide wing_aspect numeric wing_length divided by wing_width wing_load numeric mg/mm2 mass divided by wing_area antenna_length numeric mm Length of the right antenna in planar und extended position mandible_length numeric mm Length of the right mandible in horizonal view proximal_mandible_width numeric mm Width of the proximal part of the right mandible in horizonal view mandible_aspect numeric proximal mandible width divided by mandible length eye_length numeric mm Broadest length of the right eye in horizonal view eye_area numeric mm2 Area of the right eye in horizonal view front_femur_length numeric mm Length of the right front femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position front_femur_width numeric mm Width of the right front femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position front_tibia_length numeric mm Length of the right front tibia in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position mid_femur_length numeric mm Length of the right mid femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position mid_femur_width numeric mm Width of the right mid femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position mid_tibia_length numeric mm Length of the right mid tibia in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position hind_femur_length numeric mm Length of the right hind femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and were glued on card points in planar position hind_femur_width numeric mm Width of the right hind femur in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points ina planar position hind_tibia_length numeric mm Length of the right hind tibia in horizonal view, legs of the right side were dissected from the beetle and glued on card points in a planar position hairiness_head_dorsal numeric hairs/mm Number of hairs intersecting a transect line (right half of head-width measurement line) divided by the length of the transect line hairiness_pronotum_dorsal numeric hairs/mm Number of hairs intersecting a transect line (right half of pronotum-width measurement line) divided by the length of the transect line hairiness_abdomen_dorsal numeric hairs/mm Number of hairs intersecting a transect line (line on the right half of the broadest abdomen width in dorsal view) divided by the length of the transect line hairiness_abdomen_ventral numeric hairs/mm Number of hairs intersecting a transect line (line on the right half of the broadest abdomen width in ventral view) divided by the length of the transect line hairiness_total numeric hairs/mm Mean of hairiness_head_dorsal, hairiness_pronotum_dorsal, hairiness_abdomen_dorsal and hairiness_abdomen_ventral residuals_body_width numeric Residuals of body width from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed body width and the log-transformed body length [log(body width) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_head_length numeric Residuals of head length from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed head length and the log-transformed body length [log(head length) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_wing_length numeric Residuals of wing length from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed wing length and the log-transformed body length [log(wing length) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_wing_load numeric Residuals of wing load from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed wing load and the log-transformed body length [log(wing load) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_front_femur_length numeric Residuals of front femur length from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed front femur length and the log-transformed body length [log(front femur length) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_antenna_length numeric Residuals of antenna length from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed antenna length and the log-transformed body length [log(antenna length) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) residuals_eye_length numeric Residuals of eye length from the phylogenetic generalized least squares regression model between log-transformed eye length and the log-transformed body length [log(eye length) ~ log(body length)] using the gls function in the add-on package nlme (Pinheiro, Bates, DebRoy, Sarkar, & R Core Team, 2020) 4. Missing data codes: NA 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: none