"TABLE S1. Dental measurements, in millimeters. Abbreviations: APL, antero-posterior length; AW, anterior width; Dm, depth of mandible below m1; PW, posterior width.,,,,,,,,," Species,Locality (Fm),Acronym,Series,Element,Stage of wear,APL,AW,PW,Dm Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Arroyo Chasicó (Cerro Azul Fm),MMP 1507-M,left dp4–m2,dp4,2,2.267,c. 1.303,1.445, ,,,,m1,2,2.252,1.781,1.757, ,,,,m2,2,2.46,1.874,1.892, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 1500-M,left dp4–m2,dp4,4,,,1.814, ,,,,m1,3,2.342,,, ,,,,m2,3,2.612,,, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 317-M (holotype),left m1–2,m1,4,2.293,2.012,2.158, ,,,,m2,3,2.531,2.39,2.448, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 1316-M,left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,8.924,,,6.33 ,,,,dp4,5,2.287,1.679,1.757, ,,,,m1,5,2.377,2.201,2.15, ,,,,m2,4,2.415,2.362,2.381, ,,,,m3,4,2.12,2.264,1.875, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 1505-M,right m1–2,m1,2,2.32,2,1.932, ,,,,m2,1,2.257,1.914,1.929, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 1506-M,left m1–2,m1,4,2.218,1.995,2.073,6.56 ,,,,m2,3,2.465,2.44,2.307, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 1501-M (holotype of Chasicomys cangapoli),right DP4–M3,DP4-M3,,8.361,,, ,,,,DP4,4,2.094,2.049,2.049, ,,,,M1,4,2.256,2.364,2.355, ,,,,M2,4,2.21,2.407,2.184, ,,,,M3,3,1.865,2.167,1.766, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MD-CH-06-246,right dp4–m2,dp4,4,2.156,1.433,1.56,5.52 ,,,,m1,3,2.296,1.885,1.906, ,,,,m2,3,2.386,1.993,1.96, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MD-CH-06-192,left dp4–m2,dp4,4,2.197,1.419,1.682, ,,,,m1,4,2.415,2.074,2.098, ,,,,m2,3,2.503,1.994,2.023, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MD-CH-06-251,left dp4–m2,dp4,5,2.074,1.364,1.538,5.25 ,,,,m1,5,2.102,2.006,1.961, ,,,,m2,5,2.103,2.067,1.926, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MLP 55-IV-28-3 (Paratype of Chasichimys bonaerense),right m1–2,m1,4,2.168,1.837,1.794, ,,,,m2,3,2.237,2.042,2.003, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMP 983-M,right m1–3,m1,4,2.318,1.984,2.117, ,,,,m2,4,2.5,2.186,2.309, ,,,,m3,3,2.224,2.052,1.79, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 88-6-85,left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,9.139,,,5.85 ,,,,dp4,4,2.309,1.461,1.551, ,,,,m1,4,2.389,2.084,2.075, ,,,,m2,3,2.552,2.284,2.33, ,,,,m3,3,2.279,2.088,1.899, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 85-4-126,left m2–3,m2,5,2.608,2.378,2.266, ,,,,m3,4,2.359,2.312,2.026, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 88-6-91,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,8.686,,,6.75 ,,,,dp4,5,1.985,,, ,,,,m2,5,2.289,2.156,2.296, ,,,,m3,5,2.388,2.229,2.013, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 88-6-90,right dp4–m1,dp4,4,2.364,1.451,1.711,5.94 ,,,,m1,4,2.257,2.032,2.132, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 84-4-104,right dp4–m2,dp4,3,2.408,1.454,1.711,5.42 ,,,,m1,4,2.276,1.953,1.975, ,,,,m2,3,2.49,2.178,2.002, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 88-6-88,right dp4–m2,dp4,3,2.262,1.336,1.532, ,,,,m1,2,2.337,1.746,1.722, ,,,,m2,2,2.371,1.696,1.686, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MMH-CH 88-6-86,left dp4–m1,dp4,5,1.815,1.232,1.39, ,,,,m1,5,1.937,1.808,1.694, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MD-CH-06-450,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,8.929,,,6.17 ,,,,dp4,4,2.243,1.661,1.741, ,,,,m1,4,2.272,2.166,2.126, ,,,,m2,3,2.519,2.628,2.588, ,,,,m3,3,2.254,2.178,2.003, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,MLP 58-IX-3-24,left m1,m1,2,2.187,2.012,2.027, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Cerro La Bota (Cerro Azul Fm) ,GHUNLPam 5969,left m1 or m2,m1/2,3,2.167,1.807,1.899, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6922,right m1 or m2,m1/2,3,2.186,1.785,1.702, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6923,right m3,m3,3,1.731,1.335,1.332, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6924,left M1,M1,0,1.853,1.195,1.197, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6925,anterior fragment of left DP4,DP4,2,,1.213,, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6926,left DP4,DP4,2,1.965,1.534,1.505, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6927,right DP4,DP4,3,2.113,1.601,1.61, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6928,posterior fragment of left m1 or m2,m1/2,3,,1.985,1.891, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6929,right m1 or m2,m1/2,3,2.192,,1.717, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 21984,left M2,M2,3,2.155,1.939,, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 21986,left dp4,dp4,2,2.303,1.193,1.343, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 21987,left dp4,dp4,3,2.201,1.159,1.482, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 21989, left m1–3,m1,5,,,, ,,,,m2,5,2.403,c. 2.185,c. 2.141, ,,,,m3,5,c. 2.315,,, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Muyu Huasi (Estratos Muyu Huasi),GEOBOL MH-441,left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,9.11,,, ,,,,dp4,5,2.29,1.39,1.66, ,,,,m1,5,2.16,2.03,1.94, ,,,,m2,4,2.37,2.36,2.24, ,,,,m3,4,2.27,2.07,1.89, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Laguna Chillhué (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 303,left m1–3,m1,4,2.374,2.107,2.29, ,,,,m2,4,2.488,2.332,2.391, ,,,,m3,3,2.191,2.185,2.075, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 307,left m1–3,m1,3,2.491,2.002,2.239, ,,,,m2,3,2.622,2.196,2.115, ,,,,m3,2,2.151,2.033,1.663, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 2227,right m1–2,m1,4,2.139,1.802,1.77, ,,,,m2,3,2.491,2.116,2.07, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 5090,left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,8.802,,,6.45 ,,,,dp4,5,2.035,1.474,1.55, ,,,,m1,5,2.215,2.221,2.179, ,,,,m2,4,2.61,2.5,2.507, ,,,,m3,3,2.333,2.321,2.026, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 5234,left dp4–m2,dp4,4,2.429,1.42,1.602, ,,,,m1,3,2.283,2.096,2.03, ,,,,m2,3,2.584,2.526,2.427, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,GHUNLPam 5088,left DP4–M3,DP4-M3,,8.362,,, ,,,,DP4,2,2.202,1.715,1.897, ,,,,M1,2,2.241,1.996,1.988, ,,,,M2,1,2.323,2.064,2.113, ,,,,M3,1,1.908,1.887,1.433, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Estancia Quiñi Malal (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 8081,left M1 or M2,M1 or M2,4,2.051,2.254,2.16, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Laguna La Amarga (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 5233,left M1 or M2,M1 or M2,4,2.113,2.225,2.163, "Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,""El Degolladito, site 2 (Salicas Fm)"",CRILAR Pv 431,right dp4–m1,dp4,2,2.293,1.198,1.422," ,,,,m1,2,2.214,1.708,1.71, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,Loma de las Tapias (Loma de las Tapias Fm),PVSJ-LT11,right m1–3,m1,5,1.985,1.962,1.911,6.14 ,,,,m2,5,2.124,2.32,2.285, ,,,,m3,5,2.122,2.061,1.84, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,PVSJ-LT30,left DP4–M1,DP4,4,1.929,,1.983, ,,,,M1,4,2.229,2.352,2.088, ,,,right DP4 and M2,DP4,4,2.016,,1.973, ,,,,M2,4,2.024,,, ,,,right m1–3,m1,3,2.323,2.08,1.99, ,,,,m2,2,2.189,2.144,1.9, ,,,,m3,1,1.676,1.729,1.629, Metacaremys primitiva comb. nov.,,PVSJ-LT103,left DP4–M3,DP4-M3,,7.719,,, ,,(fragment of palate + associated ,,DP4,3,2.067,1.583,1.705, ,,natural brain endocast with partial,,M1,3,1.946,1.968,1.975, ,, auditory region),,M2,2,2.104,1.915,1.814, ,,,,M3,1,1.515,1.674,1.237, ,,,right M1–3,M1,3,2.035,1.962,1.965, ,,,,M2,2,2.143,1.975,1.872, ,,,,M3,1,1.523,1.616,1.229, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Estancia Don Mariano (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 5039,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,10.585,,, ,,(holotype),,dp4,3,2.871,1.486,1.968, ,,,,m1,3,2.691,2.193,2.286, ,,,,m2,3,2.965,2.486,2.418, ,,,,m3,2,2.405,2.243,1.918, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Loventué (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 14127,right m1,m1,1,2.561,1.531,1.781, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 14773,right DP4–M1,DP4,5,2.256,2.512,2.393, ,,,,M1,4,2.635,2.835,2.446, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Bajo Giuliani (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 2338,left m1–2,m1,3,2.591,,2.118, ,,,,m2,2,2.55,,2.201, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 8547,right m1–3,m1,2,2.65,2.246,2.311, ,,,,m2,2,2.724,2.313,2.264, ,,,,m3,1,2.362,2.048,1.831, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 27058,right dp4-m1,dp4,4,2.721,1.6,1.773,7.31 ,,,,m1,4,2.542,2.136,2.261, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 2363,right m1–3,m1,2,2.88,2.041,2.245, ,,,,m2,1,3.084,2.071,2.323, ,,,,m3,1,2.787,1.989,1.844, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 8261,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,10.107,,,6.74 ,,,,labial dp4,4,2.667,,, ,,,,m1,4,2.403,2.168,2.332, ,,,,m2,3,2.795,2.614,2.619, ,,,,m3,2,2.571,2.244,2.206, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6947,right dp4–m1,dp4,4,2.885,1.737,1.936, ,,,,m1,4,2.386,2.091,2.149, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,MMP 992-M,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,10.714,,, ,,,,dp4,3,2.818,1.407,1.663, ,,,,m1,2,2.622,1.86,1.897, ,,,,m2,2,2.707,2.01,1.87, ,,,,m3,1,2.624,1.557,1.364, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 18417,right DP4–M3,DP4-M3,,9.87,,, ,,,,DP4,5,2.145,2.225,2.17, ,,,,M1,4,2.515,2.595,2.515, ,,,,M2,3,2.83,2.86,2.765, ,,,,M3,2,2.525,2.635,2.115, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Telén (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 14178,right dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,10.011,,, ,,,,dp4,2,2.769,1.525,1.797, ,,,,m1,1,2.624,1.929,1.934, ,,,,m2,1,2.494,1.853,1.832, ,,,,m3,0,2.146,1.33,1.375, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 18889,right DP4–M3,DP4-M3,,8.644,,, ,,,,DP4,3,2.213,2.25,1.188, ,,,,M1,2,2.291,2.396,2.195, ,,,,M2,2,2.256,2.49,2.244, ,,,,M3,2,2.155,2.335,1.775, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 8494,left m1–3,m1,3,2.546,2.055,2.241,6.51 ,,,,m2,2,2.61,2.264,2.415, ,,,,m3,2,2.348,1.99,1.867, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6314,left dp4–m2 ,dp4,3,2.765,1.496,1.792,6.61 ,,,,m1,2,2.54,2.006,2.139, ,,,,m2,2,2.604,2.217,2.257, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Quehué (Cerro Azul Fm),GHUNLPam 14372,right m2–3,m2,2,2.777,2.283,2.404, ,,,,m3,1,2.388,2.035,1.986, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 14374,left M1,M1,3,2.347,2.25,2.26, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 22760,left dp4–m1,dp4,4,2.832,1.554,1.719,6.82 ,,,,m1,3,2.726,2.008,2.143, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 8552,right m2–3,m2,4,2.828,,,6.69 ,,,,m3,4,2.454,2.424,2.101, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 19119,left m1,m1,1,2.803,1.994,2.099, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 6663,left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,,,, ,,,,dp4,4,,,1.847, ,,,,m1,4,2.65,2.339,2.462, ,,,,m2,4,2.87,2.73,2.681, ,,,,m3,3,2.656,2.594,2.233, Metacaremys calfucalel sp. nov.,Río Seco de la Isla Grande (Tunuyán Fm),IANIGLA-PV 345,right m1–2,m1,5,2.674,2.262,2.337, ,,,,m2,4,3.142,2.909,2.903, ,,,,,,,,, Metacaremys dimi sp. nov.,Cantera Vialidad (Cerro Azul Fm),PV-UNS-6022,left dp4–m2,dp4,4,3.196,1.933,2.099, ,,,,m1,4,3.333,2.6,2.704, ,,,,m2,3,3.454,3.121,3.114, Metacaremys dimi sp. nov.,Guatraché (Cerro Azul Fm),MMH-GUA 20-01 (holotype),left dp4–m3,dp4-m3,,11.868,,,7.66 ,,,,dp4,5,2.464,1.541,1.865, ,,,,m1,5,2.807,2.534,2.55, ,,,,m2,4,3.304,3.312,3.319, ,,,,m3,4,3.234,2.949,2.827, Metacaremys dimi sp. nov.,,MMH-GUA 20-02,right DP4–M2,DP4,4,2.508,2.451,2.524, ,,,,M1,3,2.644,2.61,2.723, ,,,,M2,3,2.812,2.661,2.522, Metacaremys dimi sp. nov.,,GHUNLPam 8323,right m1–3,m1,5,2.736,2.644,2.614, ,,,,m2,5,3.287,3.175,3.285, ,,,,m3,5,3.575,2.989,2.852,