A clinical and computed tomographic (CT) study of 1600 cases of equine sinonasal disease
Data files
Sep 03, 2026 version files 423.35 KB
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Multicentre_Equine_Head_CT_Study_Data_Repository.csv
412.59 KB
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README.md
10.76 KB
Abstract
Data were obtained from 21 contributors in 19 different equine clinics in the UK, Continental Europe, and the USA, on 1600 horses with CT confirmed sinonasal disease. The study examined possible relationships between clinical history, clinical and CT findings, and clinical outcomes in these cases of equine sinonasal disease.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.np5hqc09w
- Multicentre_Equine_Head_CT_Study_Data_Repository.csv
Dataset description
This dataset contains clinical, diagnostic, treatment, CT imaging and outcome information from horses investigated for sinonasal/sinus disease.
Each row represents an individual clinical case. Case-number-bicod is the case identifier.
This README describes the variables and coding conventions used in the dataset. Where a definition has not been specifically confirmed, it is described conservatively and should be checked against the original data collection form before publication.
General data conventions
Missing data
Blank cells and NA values represent missing or unrecorded information unless otherwise specified. Missing data should not be assumed to represent absence of a finding.
Binary variables
For variables explicitly coded as binary:
1= yes/present0= no/absent
Laterality
Bilat2 identifies the principal affected side and, where applicable, the second affected side:
1= affected side for unilateral disease, or principal/primary affected side for bilateral disease2= second affected side of bilateral disease
Variable dictionary
sheet
Clinic that provided data.
Case-number-bicod
Unique case identifier.
Bilat2
1 = affected side for unilateral disease or principal/primary affected side for bilateral disease; 2 = second affected side of bilateral disease.
Side1 of Bilat
Affected side for unilateral disease, or principal/primary affected side for bilateral disease.
Side of bilateral
0= unilateral case1= principal/primary affected side of bilateral disease2= second affected side of bilateral disease
Weeks of sinus disease
Duration of sinus disease before presentation, in weeks.
Prior Treatments
Any prior treatments.
Antibiotics
Free text antibiotic treatments.
Weeks of antibiotic treatment
Duration of previous antibiotic treatment, in weeks.
Weeks of Prior NSAIDS
Duration of previous NSAID treatment, in weeks.
Prior Sinoscopy
Previous sinoscopic treatment.
Prior maxillary Sinusotomy
Previous maxillary sinusotomy.
prior NasoFront sinusotomy
Previous Nasofrontal sinusotomy.
Prior Triadan Dental extraction
Previous tooth extraction (number 1 for 06, 2 for 07 etc.).
PriorMaxToothExt
Previous maxillary cheek tooth extraction.
PriorMaxT811Ext
Previous maxillary cheek tooth 08 to 11 extraction.
Clinical Signs
Subsection (no data).
Unilateral nasal disch
Unilateral nasal discharge.
Bilateral nasal discharge
Bilateral nasal discharge.
Nasal malodour
Nasal malodour.
Nasal airflow obstruction
Nasal airflow obstruction.
Facial swelling
Facial swelling associated with sinonasal disease.
Submandibulal Lymphadenopathy
Submandibular lymphadenopathy.
Epiphora
Epiphora.
Signalment
Subsection (no data).
AGE
Age at presentation, in years.
Breed
Breed.
Sex
Sex.
Nasal endoscopic Findings
Subsection (no data).
Exudate at sinonasal ostium
Exudate at sinonasal ostium.
Middle meatus endoscopic changes
Middle meatus endoscopic changes.
oronasal fistula
oronasal fistula.
Final Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis (1=Primary, 2=Dental, 3=Diastema fistula, 4=Post Extraction fistula, 5=Mycosis, 6=Cyst, 7=PEH, 8=Trauma, 9=Tumour, 10=oro-nasa fistula, 11=mucocele, 12=pneumocele, 13=suturitis)
Primary Sinusitis
Primary sinusitis.
Dental sinusitis
Dental sinusitis.
PrimSin1DenSin2
1 = Primary sinusitis; 2 = Dental sinusitis.
Oromax fistula diastema
Diastema causing an oromaxillary fistula.
Oromax fistula following extraction
Oromaxillary fistula following tooth extraction.
Mycotic sinusitis
Mycotic/fungal sinusitis.
Sinus cyst
Sinus cyst.
PEH
Progressive ethmoid haematoma.
Traumatic Sinusitis
Traumatic sinusitis.
Sinonasal tumour type
Type of sinonasal tumour.
Other tumour type free text
Free-text description of other tumour type.
Sinonasaltumour1y0n
Sinonasal tumour present.
Other causes of sinusitis
Free-text description of other causes of sinusitis.
Multiple Diagnoses
Presence of multiple diagnoses.
Treatment
Subsection (no data).
Standing sedation
Treatment performed under standing sedation
UnderGA
Treatment performed under general anaesthetic.
Dental extraction Triadan
Tooth extraction (Triadan number of tooth or tooth numbered 1 for Triadan 06, 2 for Triadan 07 etc.).
Oral extraction
Oral cheek tooth extraction.
MTE
Minimally invasive transbuccal extraction.
Standard surgical transbuccal technique
Standard surgical transbuccal extraction.
Pin repulsion
Pin repulsion.
Standard Repulsion
Standard repulsion
Dental segmentation used
Extraction with dental segmentation used.
Extraction meth NR
Extraction method not recorded
Anydentalextract
Any dental extraction performed.
Nasofrontal Flap
Nasofrontal Flap.
Maxillary Flap
Maxillary Flap.
Sinoscopic deb MSB fenestration
Sinoscopic debridement and Maxillary septal bulla fenestration.
Sinoscopic lavage
Sinoscopic lavage.
Sinus lavage per nasum via fistula
Sinus lavage per nasum via fistula.
Sinus lavage per nasum via sinonasal ostium
Sinus lavage per nasum via sinonasal ostium.
Surgical sinonasal fistula creation
Surgical sinonasal fistula creation.
AnySinusTx
Any sinus treatment given
conservative treatment only
conservative treatment only.
Weeks of followup after treatment
Duration of follow-up after treatment, in weeks.
Number of treatments
Number of treatments given.
outcome
cured; partially cured; not cured; euthanasia; not recorded.
CT Findings
Overall CT findings subsection (no data).
Unilateral sinusitis
Unilateral sinusitis identified on CT.
Bilateral Sinusitis
Bilateral sinusitis identified on CT.
Compartments affected
Sinus compartments affected on CT - subsection (no data).
RMS
Rostral maxillary sinus involvement.
VCS
Ventral conchal sinus involvement.
CMS
Caudal maxillary sinus involvement.
Conchofrontal
Conchofrontal sinus involvement.
Ethmoidal middle conchal sinus
Ethmoidal/middle conchal sinus involvement.
Sphenopalatine
Sphenopalatine sinus involvement.
Nasal Conchal Bullae Changes
Subsection.
Ipsilateral VCB abscess
Abscess affecting ventral conchal bulla on side of principal sinusitis.
Ipsilateral VCB distortion
Distortion affecting ventral conchal bulla on side of principal sinusitis.
Ipsilateral DCB abscess
Abscess affecting dorsal conchal bulla on side of principal sinusitis.
Ipsilateral DCB distortion
Distortion affecting dorsal conchal bulla on side of principal sinusitis.
Contralat VCB abscess
Abscess affecting ventral conchal bulla on other side from principal sinusitis.
Contralat VCB distortion
Distortion affecting ventral conchal bulla on other side from principal sinusitis.
contralat DCB abscess
Abscess affecting dorsal conchal bulla on other side from principal sinusitis.
contralat DCB distortion
Distortion affecting dorsal conchal bulla on other side from principal sinusitis.
Middle Meatus Nasal Conchal Lesions
Middle Meatus and/or Nasal Conchal Lesions.
Hyperostosis of Sinus bones
Hyperostosis of the sinus bones.
Hyperostosis absent
No hyperostosis identified.
Mild Hyperostosis
Mild hyperostosis.
Moderate hyperostosis
Moderate hyperostosis.
severe hyperostosis
Severe hyperostosis.
Ipsilateral apic infect Non-fractured tooth Triadan
Tooth number (Triadan or numbered 1 for 06, 2 for 07 etc.) of apically infected non-fractured tooth on same side as principal sinusitis.
Ipsilateral apic infect fractured tooth Triadan
Tooth number (Triadan or numbered 1 for 06, 2 for 07 etc.) of apically infected fractured tooth on same side as principal sinusitis.
Contralateral apic infect Nonfractured tooth Triadan
Tooth number (Triadan or numbered 1 for 06, 2 for 07 etc.) of apically infected non-fractured tooth on other side from principal sinusitis.
Contralateral apic Infect fractured tooth Triadan
Tooth number (Triadan or numbered 1 for 06, 2 for 07 etc.) of apically infected fractured tooth on other side from principal sinusitis.
Free Text
Free-text description of other case information.
Statistical analysis considerations
- Retain the original raw variables and coding.
- Do not recode blank/NA values as zero unless the study protocol establishes that a blank means absence.
- Treat
PrimSin1DenSin2,Bilat2andoutcomeas categorical variables. - If a binary outcome is required for analysis, create a new derived variable rather than overwriting
outcome. - Document all recoding, derived variables, exclusions and imputation.
- Check for duplicate case identifiers before analysis.
- Check categorical variables for inconsistent spelling or formatting.
- Confirm any abbreviation or definition that has not been explicitly specified in this README against the original study protocol.
Confirmed abbreviation key
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| NSAID | Non steroidal anti-inflammatory |
| MTE | Minimally invasive transbuccal extraction |
| MSB | Maxillary septal bulla |
| RMS | Rostral maxillary sinus |
| VCS | Ventral conchal sinus |
| CMS | Caudal maxillary sinus |
| VCB | Ventral conchal bulla |
| DCB | Dorsal conchal bulla |
| PEH | Progressive ethmoid haematoma |
| NR | Not recorded |
Confirmed outcome categories
outcome has five recorded categories:
- cured
- partially cured
- not cured
- euthanasia
- not recorded
These should remain distinct in the raw dataset. Any binary outcome used for statistical analysis should be created as a separate derived variable with its definition documented.
Version
This README reflects the coding definitions confirmed by the dataset owner on 17 August 2026.