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Short-range correlation of stress chains near solid-to-liquid transition in active monolayers

Khosh Sokhan Monfared, Siavash1; Ravichandran, Guruswami2; Andrade, Jose2; Doostmohammadi, Amin1

Published Mar 14, 2024 on Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.18931zd4k

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Abstract

Using a three-dimensional model of cell monolayers, we study the spatial organization of active stress chains as the monolayer transitions from a solid to a liquid state. The critical exponents that characterize this transition map the isotropic stress percolation onto the two-dimensional random percolation universality class suggesting short-range stress correlations near this transition. This mapping is achieved via two distinct, independent pathways: (i) cell-cell adhesion and (ii) active traction forces. We unify our findings by linking the nature of this transition to high-stress fluctuations, distinctly linked to each pathway. The results elevate the importance of the transmission of mechanical information in dense active matter and provide a new context for understanding the non-equilibrium statistical physics of phase transition in active systems.