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Dryad

Host identity and quality drive parasitoid fitness and have implications for biocontrol

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Dec 12, 2025 version files 27.87 KB

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Abstract

Augmentative biocontrol depends on mass-rearing high-quality parasitoids. Host size and quality directly affect parasitoid fitness and effectiveness, making the identification of suitable hosts essential for successful pest control.

This study assessed the influence of two pyralid hosts on the fitness of Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), an endoparasitoid of the carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) utilizing the natural host, E. ceratoniae, and an alternative host, the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

A type II functional response was observed on larval stages of both hosts, indicating similar behavioral responses of emergent parasitoids to host density. No significant differences were found for attack rates, handling times, or life history and morphological traits between hosts.  However, host stage significantly affected these parameters, with the L5 stage producing parasitoids with maximal life history and morphological traits.

Results indicate that E. kuehniella is a viable alternative host for the mass-rearing of V. canescens, supporting its use in biocontrol programs.