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Genetic diversity among black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) accessions based on quantitative and qualitative traits

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Jan 05, 2026 version files 31.16 KB

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Abstract

To investigate the genetic diversity in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) a total of 64 genotypes were tested in an 8x8 simple lattice design at Sirinka for two consecutive years during 2022/23 and 2023/2024. ANOVA revealed the prevalence of significant difference among the genotypes for all quantitative traits except capsule length and diameter. The variation of the genotypes for seed yield was between 0.66 and 1.69 t ha-1 with mean value of 1.02 t ha-1. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation /GCV and PCV/ for 16 traits estimated in the range between 3.81 and 49.84 and 6.50 and 50.90%, respectively. Heritability/H2/ and genetic advance as percentage of mean/GAM/ ranged from 19.18 to 98.25 and 4.67 and 100%, respectively. High to moderate estimates of GCV, PCV, H2, and GAM observed for all parameters except day to bud formation, days to maturity, capsule length, and capsule diameter. Seed yield showed positive and significant correlation with almost all parameters. The first five principal component axes/PCAs/accounted 72% of the total variability, in which PCA1 contributed 32%, and PCA2, PCA3, PCA4, and PCA5 exhibited 13, 12, 8, and 7% to the total variability, respectively. The qualitative data showed higj variability except flower color, plant growth type, and stem hairiness. The cluster analysis for qualitative traits classified into five groups. The research results clearly showed that there was sufficient diversity among the genotypes which can be exploited for the future black cumin improvement programme.