Betula ermanii Cham. provenance trial in Japan: Survival, height, diameter, and productivity data
Data files
Apr 22, 2024 version files 265.63 KB
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Paing_B.ermanii_data.xlsx
259.35 KB
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README.md
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Nov 11, 2025 version files 252.14 KB
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B.ermanii_23au_data.csv
233.14 KB
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Col.Name.xlsx
13.15 KB
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README.md
5.84 KB
Nov 11, 2025 version files 252.14 KB
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B.ermanii_23au_data.csv
233.14 KB
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Col.Name.xlsx
13.15 KB
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README.md
5.85 KB
Abstract
Understanding the response of Betula ermanii Cham. to climate change is crucial for conservation efforts. Provenance trials provide valuable insights into local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity, aiding in the maintenance of performance in boreal and alpine forest ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of climate change on the performance of B. ermanii, and to formulate conservation strategies for future climates. Using survival and growth data from provenance trials, a performance model was developed and applied to projected climate scenarios obtained from WorldClim. Results indicated that the performance of all provenances declines under warming. Particularly, the southern-edge Kinki provenance struggled to survive both in situ and *ex situ *under climate warming. These findings emphasize the necessity of integrating both in situ and ex situ conservation measures tailored to seed source provenances. Provenance trial data provide valuable insights into how climatic responses affect provenances, guiding conservation efforts for B. ermanii in the face of changing environmental conditions.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2ngf1vhxb
* File name: B.ermanii_23au_data.csv, Col.Name.xlsx
* Authors: Aye Myat Myat Paing
* Other contributors: Takaki Aihara, Yoshihiko Tsumura, Mitsuru Hirota, Toshiya Yoshida, Kousuke Homma, Hajime Kobayashi, Atsuhiro Iio, Nobuhiro Tomaru, Masahiro Takagi, Dai Nagamatsu, Ikutaro Tsuyama, Yoko Hisamoto, Haruhiko Taneda, Susumu Goto
* Date created: 2024-04-04
* Date modified: 2025-11-11
Contact Information
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* Name: Aye Myat Myat Paing
* ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-624X
* Institution: Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
* Address: 1-1-1 Midori-cho, Nishitokyo-shi, 188-0002 Tokyo, Japan
* Email: ayemyatpaing95@gmail.com
Additional Dataset Metadata
===========================
Acknowledgements
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* Funding sources: JSPS-KAKENHI 21H04732
Dates and Locations
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* Dates of data collection: Data were collected in autumn 2023
* Geographic locations of data collection: Data were collected in 11 sites in Japan (Paing et al.,2023).
Methodological Information
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*Deciduous broad-leaved boreal species, Betula ermanii, inhabit natural forests in Japan's sub-alpine zones.
* Seeds were gathered from 11 seed source provenances spanning Japan.
* Seedlings were cultivated in the nursery located within the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest.
*Between autumn 2019 and spring 2020, a total of 2013 saplings were transplanted to 11 sites throughout Japan.
*Planting was executed utilizing a randomized design approach.
*From autumn 2020 to 2023, assessments including survival counts, height, and diameter measurements were conducted.
*Performance (Productivity Index) was calculated by multiplying the survival rate and the average height of autumn 2023.
Description of the data and file structure
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: raw-data [B.ermanii_23au_data.csv]
Number of columns x rows: 27 x 1664
Column Name Description
label: Individual label ID
site: Planting site name abbreviation
pop: Seed source provenance abbreviation
L_planted: Height of seedling after planting (in centimeters) after planting: In increments of 0.1 centimeters.
surv23au: Survival survey results for autumn 2023: Survival 1, Death 0.
surv_rate: Survival rate of seedlings at each planting site as of autumn 2023 in percentage.
L23au: Height (in centimeters) for autumn 2023: in increments of 0.1 centimeters.
prod_i: Performance (Productivity index) for autumn 2023.
d_bio1: Mean annual temperature difference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
d_bio6: Mean Daily Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month, difference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
d_bio10: Mean Temperature of the Warmest Quarterdifference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
d_bio12: Annual Precipitation difference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
d_bio18: Precipitation during the Warmest Quarter difference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
d_bio19: Precipitation during the Coldest Quarter difference between the planting site and the seed source provenance.
bio1_s: Mean annual temperature of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio6_s: Mean Daily Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio10_s: Mean Temperature of the Warmest Quarter of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio12_s: Annual Precipitation of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio18_s: Precipitation during the Warmest Quarter of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio19_s: Precipitation during the Coldest Quarter of the seed source provenance, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio1_p: Mean annual temperature of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio6_p: Mean Daily Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio10_p: Mean Temperature of the Warmest Quarter of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio12_p: Annual Precipitation of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio18_p: Precipitation during the Warmest Quarter of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
bio19_p: Precipitation during the Coldest Quarter of the planting site, sourced from WorldClim version 2.1 (1970-2000) at a 30-second spatial resolution.
Number of variables:
Variable List: surv23au, surv_rate, L23au, prod_i, d_bio1, d_bio6, d_bio10, d_bio12, d_bio18, d_bio19, bio1_s, bio6_s, bio10_s, bio12_s, bio18_s, bio19_s, bio1_p, bio6_p, bio10_p, bio12_p, bio18_p, bio19_p
Variable used for data analysis: prod_i, d_bio6, d_bio10, d_bio18, d_bio19
Missing data codes: NA (not available)
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Col.Names [Col.Name.xlsx]
Number of columns x rows: 2 x 21
Colum Name Description for raw-data [B.ermanii_23au_data.csv]
Betula ermanii Cham., a wind-pollinated deciduous tree species, is a significant component of Japan's deciduous broad-leaved forests, particularly prevalent in subalpine regions and forest margins, where it often forms pure forests. Seeds of B. ermanii were gathered during the autumns of 2016 and 2017 from 11 provenances across its distribution zones. These seeds were grown in the nursery at the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest (UTHF) in April 2018. Following two growing seasons, containerized saplings were planted at 11 planting sites across Japan in autumn 2019 and spring 2020. Each planting site received 20 seedlings per population, with exceptions for Akkeshi (AKSs), Goyo-San (GYSs), and Choukai-San (CKSs). This endeavor resulted in a total of 2013 seedlings (183 seedlings × 11 planting sites). Random planting designs were implemented for each site to mitigate spatial autocorrelation issues. Survival counts, height, and diameter measurements were conducted in autumn from 2020 to 2023. The performance (productivity index) was calculated by multiplying the survival rate by the average height of each site. Relative differences in climatic parameters between the planting site and the seed source population were analyzed. To forecast future climate, data were obtained from the WorldClim database (Hijmans et al., 2005). The differences in climate variables between the provenance trials and provenances from 2011 to 2022 were calculated.
Changes after Apr 22, 2024: The dataset has been replaced due to updates in the climate variables used for analysis.