Data from: The evolution of pesticide resistance: A data-driven case study of chlorantraniliprole resistance in Chilo suppressalis and other lepidopteran pests in China
Data files
Jul 21, 2025 version files 279.89 KB
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Datasets_Lepidopterans_LaboratorySelection.xlsx
27.21 KB
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Datasets_Lepidopterans_MutationFrequency.xlsx
50.52 KB
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Datasets_Lepidopterans_ResistanceMonitoring.xlsx
196.56 KB
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README.md
5.60 KB
Abstract
Pesticide resistance presents some of the best examples of evolution by natural selection in action. An exceptionally well-documented case from recent years is the evolution of resistance to the diamide chlorantraniliprole in the striped rice stem-borer Chilo suppressalis in China. Prior to the registration of chlorantraniliprole, C. suppressalis had evolved resistance to almost all other available pesticides. Using data from resistance monitoring and laboratory analysis, the quantitative dynamics of chlorantraniliprole resistance evolution in C. suppressalis and other lepidopteran pests in China are collated and analysed. The results reveal the rapid evolution of high levels of chlorantraniliprole resistance in C. suppressalis, causing control failure across China, primarily driven by the origin and spread of multiple identified major mutations of the target site. Some of the same mutations also drove the parallel evolution of chlorantraniliprole resistance in other lepidopteran pests. As well as providing an exceptional example of evolution by natural selection in action, the evolution of chlorantraniliprole resistance in C. suppressalis in China also provides a cautionary tale for resistance management.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3ffbg79x2
Description of the data and file structure
The data on the lethal doses of insecticides for field and laboratory populations of lepidopteran pests (and also mutation frequencies) were extracted from published scientific articles after an informal literature search. The unavailable data are represented as NA.
Files and variables
File: Datasets_Lepidopterans_ResistanceMonitoring.xlsx
Description: A set of tables listing bioassay data on the lethal dose of an insecticide in a population that is sampled from a location in a particular year, reporting the absolute measure (LC50) and a measure that is relative to a baseline measurement (which is the resistance factor; RF) - and information about the reference that the information is taken from and the units of the LC50 measurement. There are different sheets for different lepidopteran pests of China, with the species name given as the sheet name.
Variables
- Insecticide: the active ingredient name.
- Location: the source population for the bioassay, given as province, county.
- Year: the year that the source population was sampled.
- LC50: the lethal dose (or technically, concentration) that kills 50% of the sample population in the bioassay.
- RF: the resistance factor, which is the lethal dose of the sample population divided by a reference lethal dose (usually taken from a baseline or laboratory population from before insecticide use).
- Reference: the scientific article that the reference comes from (which can be tied to the references listed in the main text of the publication) in the form: Authors Year.
- LC50 units: the measurement units of the LC50.
File: Datasets_Lepidopterans_LaboratorySelection.xlsx
Description: A table listing bioassay data on the lethal dose of an insecticide in a population that is sampled from a laboratory experiment of resistance evolution, reporting the absolute measure (LC50) and a measure that is relative to a baseline measurement (which is the resistance factor; RF) - and information about the reference that the information is taken from, the units of the LC50 measurement and the intensity of the insecticide selection pressure that is applied. All lepidopteran pests are given together in a single sheet.
Variables
- Insecticide: the active ingredient name.
- Species: the lepidopteran pest species binomial Latin name.
- Generation: the generation that the sampled population represents.
- LC50: the lethal dose (or technically, concentration) that kills 50% of the sample population in the bioassay.
- RF: the resistance factor, which is the lethal dose of the sample population divided by a reference lethal dose (usually taken from a baseline or reference population from before insecticide selection pressure is applied).
- Reference: the scientific article that the reference comes from (which can be tied to the references listed in the main text of the publication) in the form: Authors Year.
- LC50 units: the measurement units of the LC50.
- Notes: a description of the insecticide selection pressure that is applied, given in the form of the lethal dose (e.g., LC70; i.e, the dose is adjusted in each generation to provide 70% kill).
File: Datasets_Lepidopterans_MutationFrequency.xlsx
Description: A table listing mutation frequency data for a population that is sampled from a location in a particular year, reporting the absolute measure (LC50), a measure that is relative to a baseline measurement (which is the resistance factor; RF) and the frequency of identified target-site mutations across homozygous suceptible (SS), heterozygous resistant (SR) and homozygous resistant (RR) individuals - and information about the reference that the information is taken from, the units of the LC50 measurement and the number of samples used to obtain a mutation frequency estimate. All lepidopteran pests are given together in a single sheet.
Variables
- Insecticide: the active ingredient name.
- Pest: the lepidopteran pest species binomial Latin name.
- Location: the source population for the bioassay, given as province, county.
- Province: the province of the source population.
- Year: the year that the source population was sampled.
- LC50: the lethal dose (or technically, concentration) that kills 50% of the sample population in the bioassay.
- RF: the resistance factor, which is the lethal dose of the sample population divided by a reference lethal dose (usually taken from a baseline or laboratory population from before insecticide use).
- Reference: the scientific article that the reference comes from (which can be tied to the references listed in the main text of the publication) in the form: Authors Year.
- LC50 units: the measurement units of the LC50.
- For each mutation, there are then repeated headings:
- Number samples: the number of individuals in the sample population used to estimate mutation frequency.
- Mutation name (e.g., G4915E): a description of the wildtype and mutant nucleotide change (e.g, GGA to GAA refers to a GGA susceptible wildtype changing to a GAA resistant mutation).
- SS: the frequency of homozygous susceptible individuals.
- SR: the frequency of heterozygous resistant individuals.
- RR: the frequency of homozygous resistant individuals.
- R: the resistant allele frequency.