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Next generation sequence counts for different E. coli Cra mutant libraries after cell survival selection

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Apr 21, 2026 version files 63.14 KB

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Abstract

Understanding the relationship between protein sequence changes and their resulting impacts on structural stability and biological function is leading to advances in protein engineering and design. The N-terminal DNA binding domain of the bacterial catabolite repressor/activator protein (Cra) contains a non-parallel three-helix bundle with the helix-turn-helix major structural motif. While past efforts have comprehensively uncovered the sequence-fitness relationship of alpha helical proteins with parallel and anti-parallel packing arrangements, considerably less is known about non-parallel alpha helical proteins. We have developed a cell-based selection technology that leverages bacterial growth differences on pyruvate to rapidly identify stable and functional variants of E. coli Cra. The selection was applied to 19 individual single point mutants, five positional scanning NNN codon libraries, and a deep mutational scanning library of the N-terminal DNA binding domain containing 1,027 variants. We collected Illumina next generation sequencing counts for each variant before and after selection. The calculated sequence enrichment scores were used to establish trends in the sequence-fitness relationship for non-parallel helical bundle proteins.