Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.69p8cz9hk

Description of the data and file structure

This dataset contains the raw data, processed data, and R scripts used in the paper " Integrating spatial and environmental stressors in a population model of Folsomia candida (Collembola: Isotomidae): a Formal Model within ALMaSS framework".

This README file was generated on 2025-01-10 by Liyan Xie. The dataset comprises two parts: data and R scripts. Most of the data are collected from published papers or requests to the data's author. Data is primarily used to parameterise the model formulation, either with raw data or a processed form (as described in the paper or in the Excel file, where the formulas are presented). NA in the cell indicates the data is not applicable. 

Data entitled "Danish_Soil_Type_Pedotransfer_function_Results_Final.csv" is provided by Sarem Norouzi with the method described in Norouzi et al. (2025). 

Norouzi, S., Pesch, C., Arthur, E., Norgaard, T., Moldrup, P., Greve, M. H., Beucher, A. M., Sadeghi, M., Zaresourmanabad, M., Tuller, M., Iversen, B. V., & de Jonge, L. W. (2025). Physics‐Informed Neural Networks for Estimating a Continuous Form of the Soil Water Retention Curve From Basic Soil Properties. Water Resources Research, 61(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr038149

Files and variables

File: R_Script_DanishSoilTypeFinal.R

Description: R script for plotting the soil water retention curve with the data provided in "Danish_Soil_Type_Pedotransfer_function_Results_Final.csv. 

File: Danish_Soil_Type_Pedotransfer_function_Results_Final.csv

Description: Number of 60 soil samples' soil water potential versus the volumetric water content. Each soil sample represents a soil type in Denmark. There are 10 soil types in the Danish landscape, and for each soil type, we took five replicates plus one average of the five replicates (in total 6 * 10 = 60 entries).

Variables

• pF: soil water potential expressed in the logarithm of the tension (or suction) water is held in soil.
• 1: soil sample 1 - sand replicate 1
• 2: soil sample 2 - sand replicate 2
• 3: soil sample 3 - sand replicate 3
• 4: soil sample 4 - sand replicate 4
• 5: soil sample 5 - sand replicate 5
• 6: soil sample 6 - sand average of replicate 1 to 5
• 7: soil sample 7 - Loamy sand replicate 1
• 8: soil sample 8 - Loamy sand replicate 2
• 9: soil sample 9 - Loamy sand replicate 3
• 10: soil sample 10 - Loamy sand replicate 4
• 11: soil sample 11 - Loamy sand replicate 5
• 12: soil sample 12 - Loamy sand average of replicate 1 to 5
• 13: soil sample 13 - Sand loam replicate 1
• 14: soil sample 14 - Sand loam replicate 2
• 15: soil sample 15 - Sand loam replicate 3
• 16: soil sample 16 - Sand loam replicate 4
• 17: soil sample 17 - Sand loam replicate 5
• 18: soil sample 18 - Sand loam average of replicate 1 to 5
• 19: soil sample 19 - Sandy clay loam replicate 1
• 20: soil sample 20 - Sandy clay loam replicate 2
• 21: soil sample 21 - Sandy clay loam replicate 3
• 22: soil sample 22 - Sandy clay loam replicate 4
• 23: soil sample 23 - Sandy clay loam replicate 5
• 24: soil sample 24 - Sandy clay loam average of replicate 1 to 5
• 25: soil sample 25 - Clay loam replicate 1
• 26: soil sample 26 - Clay loam replicate 2
• 27: soil sample 27 - Clay loam replicate 3
• 28: soil sample 28 - Clay loam replicate 4
• 29: soil sample 29 - Clay loam replicate 5
• 30: soil sample 30 - Clay loam average of replicate 1 to 5
• 31: soil sample 31 - Loam replicate 1
• 32: soil sample 32 - Loam replicate 2
• 33: soil sample 33 - Loam replicate 3
• 34: soil sample 34 - Loam replicate 4
• 35: soil sample 35 - Loam replicate 5
• 36: soil sample 36 - Loam average of replicate 1 to 5
• 37: soil sample 37 - Clay replicate 1
• 38: soil sample 38 - Clay replicate 2
• 39: soil sample 39 - Clay replicate 3
• 40: soil sample 40 - Clay replicate 4
• 41: soil sample 41 - Clay replicate 5
• 42: soil sample 42 - Clay average of replicate 1 to 5
• 43: soil sample 43 - Organic and peat replicate 1
• 44: soil sample 44 - Organic and peat replicate 2
• 45: soil sample 45 - Organic and peat replicate 3
• 46: soil sample 46 - Organic and peat replicate 4
• 47: soil sample 47 - Organic and peat replicate 5
• 48: soil sample 47 - Organic and peat average of replicate 1 to 5
• 49: soil sample 49 - Silty clay replicate 1
• 50: soil sample 50 - Silty clay replicate 2
• 51: soil sample 51 - Silty clay replicate 3
• 52: soil sample 52 - Silty clay replicate 4
• 53: soil sample 53 - Silty clay replicate 5
• 54: soil sample 54 - Silty clay average of replicate 1 to 5
• 55: soil sample 55 - Silty clay loam replicate 1
• 56: soil sample 56 - Silty clay loam replicate 2
• 57: soil sample 57 - Silty clay loam replicate 3
• 58: soil sample 58 - Silty clay loam replicate 4
• 59: soil sample 59 - Silty clay loam replicate 5
• 60: soil sample 60 - Silty clay loam average of replicate 1 to 5

File: temperature.xlsx

Description: Data of biological response including hatching time, time to first oviposition, time to stop reproduction, total fecundity, hatchability, juvenile mortality, and adult mortality to varying temperature. It contains six sheets. Raw data are collected from published papers and they are re-calculated to parameterise the formal model of Folsomia candida. Note that formulas are presented in certain columns to provide transparency for the re-calculated process of the raw data from each paper. Comments are provided when the re-calculation is a stand alone case.

Common Variables

• author: author and year of the paper (Information on the paper can be found in the paper reference list)
• temp: short for temperature (°C)
• note: relevant notes when applicable

Variables in A_hatchingtime

• hatchtime: days for an egg to hatch
• rate: daily development rate (contains formula)

Variables in B_timetoovi

• timetofirstovip: short for time to first oviposition in days
• rate_day: daily development rate (contains formula)

Variables in C_stoprepro

• timetolastovip: short for time to last oviposition in days
• rate_day: daily development rate (contains formula)

Variables in D_totalfecundity

• total_fecd: short for total fecundity, the total number of eggs laid per female
• total_fecd_mean: mean of total fecundity
• total_fecd_rate_mean: average of the daily fecundity rate per study (contains formula)
• rate_day: average daily fecundity rate (contains formula)
• life span: total length of living in days
• start to ovi: days when the animal starts laying egg
• stop to ovi: days when the animal stops laying egg

Variables in E_stoprepro

• instar: instar number of the animal
• day: number of days at the corresponding instar
• oviposition_times: number of times the animal lay eggs
• hatch: hatching success rate
• hatch_mort: hatching failing rate (contains formula)
• hatching time: number of days from birth to hatch
• death_rate: daily death rate (contains formula)

Variables in F_surv

• day: number of days the animal is alive under the corresponding temperature
• hour: number of hours the animal is alive under the corresponding temperature (contains formula)
• phase: stage of the animal, either juvenile or adult stage
• survperc: short for survival rate in percentage
• survrate: short for survival rate
• mortperc: short for mortality rate in percentage (contains formula)
• mortrate: short for mortality rate
• rate_mort_hrs: hourly mortality rate (contains formula)
• rate_mort_day: daily mortality rate (contains formula)

File: R_Script_temperature.R

Description: R script used to parameterise the formula used in the formal model of Folsomia candida using the data from "temperaure.xlsx" and generate the corresponding figures.

File: SoilMoisture.xlsx

Description: Data of biological response including hatching time, time to first oviposition, time to stop reproduction, total fecundity, hatchability, juvenile mortality, and adult mortality to varying soil moisture. It contains five sheets. Data are collected from published papers or requests to the owner of the data. Data is re-calculated to parameterise the formal model of Folsomia candida. Note that formulas are presented in certain columns to provide transparency for the re-calculated process of the raw data. Comments are provided when the re-calculation is a stand alone case.

Common Variables

• author: author and year of the paper (Information on the paper can be found in the paper reference list)
• swp_minus_mp: short for soil water potential in -MPa
• swp_minus_kp: short for soil water potential in -kPa
• note: relevant notes when applicable

Variables in MH_hatchingtime

• hatchingtime_h: hathcing time in hours
• hathcingtime_day: hatching time in days (contains formula)
• rate_day: daily development (from egg to hatch) rate (contains formula)

Variables in LX_timetoovi

• timetoegg: time to first oviposition in day
• rate_day: daily development (from juvenile to adult) rate (contains formula)

Variables in LX_fecundity

• repro_rate: daily reproduction rate

Variables in MH_hatchability

• hatch: success rate of hatching
• mort: short for mortality rate
• hatchingtime_h: number of hours for the egg to hatch
• hatchingtime_day: number of days for the egg to hatch (contains formula)
• death_rate: daily death rate (contains formula)

Variables in YW_and_LX_adult_mortality

• SWP_kpa: short for soil water potential in -kPa
• SWP: soil water potential in -MPa
• surv: number of animals that survived
• survrate: survival rate (contains formula)
• mort: mortality rate (contains formula)
• day: number of days of adult time
• death rate: daily death rate (contains formula)

File: Combined_effect_assumption_test.xlsx

Description: This dataset contains four sheets. G&D_eggtojuv (growth and development for daily development rate from egg to juvenile), G&D_juvtoadult (growth and development for daily development rate from juvenile to adult), G&D_adulttoold (growth and development for daily development rate from adult to post-reproduction adult), and repro (reproduction). G&D_eggtojuv contains data of temperature versus rate (rate_t, development rate for temperature), and data of soil water potential versus rate (rate_sm, development rate for soil moisture). The other three sheets only contains data of temperature versus development rate since we need to fit thermal performance model with temperature data whereas we have established three-phase models with soil moisture in R script_SoilMoisture.

Variables

• temp: short for temperature (°C)
• rate_t: daily development rate for temperature
• swp: short for soil water potential (-MPa)
• rate_sm: daily development rate for soil moisture

File: R_script_combined_effect_assumption_test.R

Description: R script to first fit the thermal performance model with temperature data and plotting the result of taking the limiting development rate as the effective rate using heat map to check the plausibility of our assumption.

File: R_script_soil_moisture.R

Description: R script used to parameterise the formula using the data from "SoilMoisture.xlsx" and generate the corresponding figures.

Access information

Data was derived from the following sources:

• C. Grégoire-Wibo, R. S. (1983). Temperature-related mechanisms of population persistence in Folsomia candida and Protaphorura armata (Insecta: Collembola). Pedobiologia(25), 413-419.
• de Lima, E. S. C., van Haren, C., Mainardi, G., de Rooij, W., Ligtelijn, M., van Straalen, N. M., & van Gestel, C. A. M. (2021). Bringing ecology into toxicology: Life-cycle toxicity of two neonicotinoids to four different species of springtails in LUFA 2.2 natural soil. CHEMOSPHERE, 263, 128245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128245
• Fountain, M. T., & Hopkin, S. P. (2005). Folsomia candida (Collembola): a "standard" soil arthropod. Annu Rev Entomol, 50, 201-222. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130331
• Holmstrup, M. (1994). Life history and growth of some soil living microarthropod species cultured in the laboratory.
• Holmstrup, M. (2019). Water relations and drought sensitivity of Folsomia candida eggs (Collembola: Isotomidae). European Journal of Entomology, 116, 229-234. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2019.025
• Jensen, T. G., Holmstrup, M., Madsen, R. B., Glasius, M., Trac, L. N., Mayer, P., Ehlers, B., & Slotsbo, S. (2020). Effects of alpha-pinene on life history traits and stress tolerance in the springtail Folsomia candida. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol, 229, 108681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108681
• Roeben, V., Montoya-Tzschoppe, L., & Roß-Nickoll, M. (2023). Long life at low temperatures – The life-history of Folsomia candida at ecological relevant temperatures. Pedobiologia, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150847
• Snider, R. M., & Butcher, J. W. (1973). The Life History of Folsomia candida (Willem) (Collembola: Isotomidae) Relative To Temperature. The Great Lakes Entomologist(6386), 1-10.
• Wang, Y., Slotsbo, S., Damgaard, C. F., & Holmstrup, M. (2023). Influence of Soil Moisture on Bioaccumulation, Growth, and Recruitment of Folsomia candida Exposed to Phenanthrene-Polluted Soil. Environ Sci Technol, 57(8), 3085-3094. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07497
• Wang, Y., Slotsbo, S., & Holmstrup, M. (2022). Soil dwelling springtails are resilient to extreme drought in soil, but their reproduction is highly sensitive to small decreases in soil water potential. GEODERMA, 421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115913
• Wehrli, M., Slotsbo, S., Fomsgaard, I. S., Laursen, B. B., Groning, J., Liess, M., & Holmstrup, M. (2024). A Dirt(y) World in a Changing Climate: Importance of Heat Stress in the Risk Assessment of Pesticides for Soil Arthropods. Glob Chang Biol, 30(10), e17542. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17542
• Wehrli, M., Slotsbo, S., Ge, J., & Holmstrup, M. (2024). Acclimation temperature influences the thermal sensitivity of injury accumulation in Folsomia candida at extreme low and high temperatures. Curr Res Insect Sci, 6, 100089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2024.100089
• Xie, L. (2023). Multiple Stressors in "COLLEMBOLAND”: Assessing the Effects of Multiple Stressors on Collembola at the Individual and Extrapolate to the Population-level Aarhus University]. Aarhus, Denmark.
• Xie, L., Slotsbo, S., Ilyaskina, D., Forbes, V., & Holmstrup, M. (2024). Chronic Effects of an Insect Growth Regulator (teflubenzuron) on the Life Cycle and Population Growth Rate of Folsomia candida. Environ Toxicol Chem, 43(5), 1173-1183. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5850