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Dryad

Arisaema species from Shikoku Island, Japan

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Sep 03, 2025 version files 10.25 GB

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Abstract

Arisaema species in Japan exhibit extensive morphological variation that has complicated their taxonomy, particularly the debated distinction between Arisaema japonicum and A. serratum. To assess whether A. japonicum represents a distinct lineage or falls within the natural variation of A. serratum, we generated a genomic dataset using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Fresh leaf tissue was collected from 13 individuals representing four morphotypes (n = 7 A. serratum; n = 6 A. japonicum) across five sites on Shikoku Island, Japan, spanning elevational and ecological gradients. Libraries were prepared with ApeKI digestion and sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Reads were quality-filtered, aligned to the draft genome of A. tosaense, and processed to call genome-wide SNPs. Subsequent analyses revealed no reciprocal monophyly between A. japonicum and A. serratum, with individuals instead clustering by geography. This dataset therefore, provides a robust genomic resource for testing species boundaries in the A. serratum complex and offers a foundation for future studies of hybridization, phylogeography, and morphological variation in Arisaema