Data from: Drought tolerance as an evolutionary precursor to frost and winter tolerance in grasses
Data files
Feb 12, 2025 version files 3.15 MB
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README.md
4.79 KB
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Schatetal2025_DroughtFrostWinterData.csv
129.74 KB
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Schatetal2025_FrostSimulationsCorHMMResults.csv
54.16 KB
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Schatetal2025_TraitSimulations.csv
2.90 MB
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Schatetal2025_WinterSimulationsCorHMMResults.csv
54.16 KB
Abstract
Accumulating evidence is suggesting more frequent tropical-to-temperate transitions than previously thought. This raises the possibility that biome transitions could be facilitated by precursor traits. A wealth of ecological, genetic and physiological evidence suggests overlap between drought and frost stress responses, but the origin of this overlap, i.e. the evolution of these responses relative to each other, is poorly known. Here, we test whether adaptation to frost and/or severe winters in grasses (Poaceae) was facilitated by ancestral adaptation to drought. We used occurrence patterns across Köppen-Geiger climate zones to classify species as drought, frost and/or winter tolerant, followed by comparative analyses. Ancestral state reconstructions revealed different evolutionary trajectories in different clades, suggesting both drought-first and frost-first scenarios. Explicit simultaneous modelling of drought and frost/winter tolerance provided some support for correlated evolution, but suggested higher rates of gain of frost/winter tolerance in drought sensitive rather than drought tolerant lineages. Overall, there is limited support across grasses as a whole that drought tolerance acted as an evolutionary precursor to frost or severe winter tolerance. Different scenarios in different clades is consistent with present-day grasses being either cold or drought specialists, possibly as a consequence of trade-offs between different stress tolerance responses.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7wm37pw3s
Description of the data and file structure
This data accompanies the following article:
Schat, L., M. Schubert, S. Fjellheim, and A. M. Humphreys. 2024. Drought tolerance as an evolutionary precursor to frost and winter tolerance in grasses.* Evolution*
The data includes:
- A csv file with the scoring for drought, frost and sever winter for the 2800 species included in the study. The three tolerances have been scored under three thresholds: if at least 20% of their geographical observations fell in Köppen-Geiger zones scored accordingly (this is the main dataset; drought20, frost20, winter20), 5% (drought5, frost5, winter5) and 50% (drought50, frost50, winter50). 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity.
- A csv file with 500 simulated binary traits that has evolved independently of either frost or winter tolerance. These traits were simulated using the “sim.Mk” function in the R package "phytools" (Revell, 2012) and the transition rate matrix inferred from the best fitting Markov model for drought tolerance (three-rate model; 20% dataset). 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity.'
- A csv file with the results of corHMM models with transition rate category for frost tolerance (20% threshold) and each of the 500 simulated traits (Beaulieu et al., 2013). The file includes the LogL and AICcs of the independent and correlated models, and the delta AICc used to compare these models.
- A csv file with the results of corHMM models with transition rate category for frost tolerance (20% threshold) and each of the 500 simulated traits (Beaulieu et al., 2013). The file includes the LogL and AICcs of the independent and correlated models, and the delta AICc used to compare these models.
Beaulieu, J. M., B. C. O’Meara, and M. J. Donoghue. 2013. Identifying Hidden Rate Changes in the Evolution of a Binary Morphological Character: The Evolution of Plant Habit in Campanulid Angiosperms. Syst. Biol. 62:725–737. Oxford Academic.
Revell, L. J. 2012. phytools: an R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things). Methods Ecol. Evol. 3:217–223.
Files and variables
File: Schatetal2025_DroughtFrostWinterData.csv
Description:
Variables
- species: name of the species
- drought20: drought scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- frost20: frost scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- winter20: severe winter scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- drought5: drought scored using the 5% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- frost5: frost scored using the 5% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- winter5: severe winter scored using the 5% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- drought50: drought scored using the 5% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- frost50: frost scored using the 5% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- winter50: severe winter scored using the 50% threshold; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
File: Schatetal2025_FrostSimulationsCorHMMResults.csv
Description:
Variables
- simulation: number of the simulation
- logL_independent: logL value of the independent model
- AICc_independent: AICc value of the independent model
- logL_correlated: logL value of the correlated model
- AICc_correlated: AICc value of the correlated model
- delta_AICc: delta AICc value
File: Schatetal2025_WinterSimulationsCorHMMResults.csv
Description:
Variables
- simulation: number of the simulation
- logL_independent: logL value of the independent model
- AICc_independent: AICc value of the independent model
- logL_correlated: logL value of the correlated model
- AICc_correlated: AICc value of the correlated model
- delta_AICc: delta AICc value
File: Schatetal2025_TraitSimulations.csv
Description:
Variables
- species: name of the species
- drought: drought scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- frost: frost scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- winter: severe winter scored using the 20% threshold (main dataset); 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity
- SimulationX: values of each simulated trait; 1 indicates tolerance and 0 indicates sensitivity