Leaf Micromorphology and genetic diversity analysis of Iranian Hordeum species using ISSR and SCoT markers
Data files
Jun 10, 2026 version files 48.30 KB
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Leaf_Micromorphology_Data.xlsx
11 KB
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Molecular_Data_ISSR_SCoT.xlsx
34.60 KB
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README.md
2.69 KB
Abstract
The genus Hordeum (Poaceae), of the tribe Triticeae, comprises approximately 32 species with substantial potential for barley improvement. Hordeum vulgare is an economically important cereal widely cultivated across diverse environments, from the Arctic to desert and humid regions. In this study, we analyzed 67 individuals from 11 populations representing five Iranian Hordeum species using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) molecular markers. We evaluated the discriminatory power of these markers and identified diagnostic micromorphological traits of the abaxial leaf blade. Genetic variation and affinities among Iranian Hordeum species were assessed using molecular markers combined with micromorphology. Neighbornet and UPGMA analyses revealed close evolutionary relationships among Hordeum marinum, Hordeum bulbosum, and Hordeum murinum. Micromorphological examination of the abaxial leaf surface showed significant interspecific variation in both qualitative and quantitative traits. Additionally, H. bulbosum exhibited close affinities with Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum and, to a lesser extent, with Hordeum brevisubulatum.
While most Hordeum research has focused on biological traits, salinity tolerance, and disease resistance, breeding efforts are limited by small grain size and scarce genetic information on wild taxa. Our findings provide valuable insights for the collection, conservation, and genetic management of Hordeum germplasm, contributing to future breeding and improvement programs. Overall, this study highlights the utility of integrating molecular and micromorphological data to guide the conservation and targeted improvement of barley and related species.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.866t1g25v
Description of the data and file structure
This dataset contains molecular and morphological data collected to evaluate the genetic diversity and structural characteristics of Iranian Hordeum species and subspecies. The experimental efforts include genotyping using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers, as well as the assessment of leaf micromorphology traits. The data was collected to understand the genetic and morphological variations among the studied populations/samples.
Files and variables
File: Molecular_Data_ISSR_SCoT.xlsx
Description: ISSR and SCoT molecular markers data.
Variables
- Taxon: Scientific name of the Hordeum species or subspecies studied.
Loci columns(Locus_1 to Locus_58): Scored as binary characters (1= presence of band,0= absence of band).
File: Leaf_Micromorphology_Data.xlsx
Description: Leaf micromorphological characteristics.
Variables
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Taxon: Scientific name of the Hordeum species or subspecies studied.
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Qualitative Traits (with coding keys):
Trait 1: Prickle in coastal zone (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 2: Prickle in intercoastal zone (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 4: Macrohair (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 9: Silica bodies in coastal zone (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 10: Silica bodies in intercoastal zone (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 11: Wax shape (1 = membranous platelets & granules, 2 = membranous platelets)
Trait 12: Short cell in intercoastal zone (1 = absent, 2 = present)
Trait 13: Stomata cell wall shape (1 = Parallel, 2 = Low domed, 3 = Quadrate)
Trait 14: Stomata row (Represents the number of stomata rows: 2 = two rows, 4 = four rows)
Trait 15: Anticlinal wall pattern of long cells (1 = Diagonal, 2 = Straight-Diagonal, 3 = Straight)
Trait 16: Long cell shape (1 = Fusiform, 2 = Rectangular)
Trait 17: Silica bodies (1 = Absent, 2 = Present)
Quantitative Traits (represented as Mean ± Standard Deviation):
Trait 3: Prickle length (Unit: µm)
Trait 5: Stomata length (Unit: µm)
Trait 6: Stomata Breadth (Unit: µm)
Trait 7: Length/Breadth (Unitless ratio)
Trait 8: Interstomatal length (Unit: µm)
Access information
Other publicly accessible locations of the data:
- Not applicable. This dataset is uniquely hosted on Dryad.
Data was derived from the following sources:
- Not applicable. This is original primary data collected by the authors.