Adaptive radiation without independent stages of trait evolution in a group of Caribbean anoles
Data files
Jul 16, 2024 version files 19.91 KB
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8July2023_Dryad_Bodensteiner.xlsx
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README.md
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Abstract
Adaptive radiation involves diversification along multiple trait axes, producing phenotypically diverse, species-rich lineages. Theory generally predicts that multi-trait evolution occurs via a ‘stages’ model, with some traits saturating early in a lineage’s history, and others diversifying later. Despite its multidimensional nature, however, we know surprisingly little about how different suites of traits evolve during adaptive radiation. Here, we investigated the rate, pattern, and timing of morphological and physiological evolution in the anole lizard adaptive radiation from the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. Rates and patterns of morphological and physiological diversity are largely unaligned, belying independent selective pressures associated with structural and thermal niches. Cold tolerance evolution reflects parapatric divergence across elevation, rather than niche partitioning within communities. Heat tolerance evolution and the preferred temperature evolve more slowly than cold tolerance, reflecting behavioral buffering, particularly in edge-habitat species (a pattern associated with the Bogert effect). In contrast to the nearby island of Puerto Rico, closely related anoles on Hispaniola do not sympatrically partition thermal niche space. Instead, allopatric and parapatric separation across biogeographic and environmental boundaries serves to keep morphologically similar close relatives apart. The phenotypic diversity of this island’s adaptive radiation accumulated largely as a by-product of time and historical biogeography, with surprisingly few exceptional pulses of trait evolution. A better understanding of the processes that guide multidimensional trait evolution (and nuance therein) will prove key in determining whether the stages model should be considered a common theme of adaptive radiation.
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Description of the data and file structure
Table of Anolis species** **and trait data in this study including:
physiological measurements include: CTmax, CTmin, and Tpref (heat and cold tolerance and thermal preference respectively) are in (⁰C) ± standard error and with sample size in parentheses (N).
categorical variables of ecomorph category (trunk, truck crown, trunk ground, twig, grass bush, crown giant and anoles not belonging to an ecomorph category was deemed to be a ‘unique’ species) and canopy-use category (open vs closed) are used to describe each species. Note the 'unique' species are designated as such because they have no ecomorphological correlates on other Greater Antillean islands.
Morphological measurements include: snout vent length (SVL; mm) and hind-limb length (mm) ± standard error and with sample size in parentheses (N). Mean annual temperature (⁰C) and elevational range sampled (m).
Data was derived from the following sources: * Mahler et al 2010 (https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01026.x); 2013 (https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1232392), Munoz et al. 2014 (https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2433), and Bodensteiner unpublished*
The data used in this manuscript can be found in the supplementary materials in table S1.