Phytoplankton community responses to 20th century eutrophication of Swiss Plateau lakes: A proxy comparison from short sediment cores
Data files
Jun 24, 2026 version files 128.40 KB
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GRE18_d2H_C16.0_phytol.csv
2.87 KB
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GRE18_F3_ug_gTOC.csv
14.89 KB
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GRE18_phytol.sterol.index.csv
1.31 KB
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GRE24_ASV_count_class.csv
6.24 KB
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GRE24_ASV_count_phylum.csv
1.95 KB
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MUR23_ASV_count_class.csv
3.46 KB
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MUR23_ASV_count_phylum.csv
1.57 KB
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MUR23_D1_91_ages_run_260526.csv
2.85 KB
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MUR23_D1_d2H_C16.0_phytol.csv
2.45 KB
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MUR23_D1_F3_ug_gTOC.csv
12.72 KB
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MUR23_D1_phytol.sterol.index.csv
974 B
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README.md
48.32 KB
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ZUG24_N_51_ages_run_260526.csv
1.61 KB
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ZUG24_N_ASV_count_class.csv
3.50 KB
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ZUG24_N_ASV_count_phylum.csv
1.68 KB
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ZUG24_N_F3_ugTOC.csv
7.06 KB
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ZUG24_N_phytol.sterol.index.csv
517 B
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ZUG24_S_46_ages_run_260526.csv
1.46 KB
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ZUG24_S_ASV_count_class.csv
4 KB
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ZUG24_S_ASV_count_phylum.csv
1.68 KB
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ZUG24_S_F3_ugTOC.csv
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ZUG24_S_phytol.sterol.index.csv
490 B
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed algal proxies in short sediment cores from Swiss Plateau lakes (Greifensee, Murtensee and Zugersee) to trace changes in phytoplankton community composition in response to the strong eutrophication during the 20th century. We used the abundance of phytol and phytosterols (phytol:sterol index, PSI) and compound-specific hydrogen isotope ratios of C16:0 fatty acid and phytol (δ2HC16:0 Acid/Phytol) to reconstruct relative proportions of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. We then compared the lipid-based proxies with plastid and cyanobacterial 23S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants and cross-validated these sedimentary proxies with published observational data from Buergi et al. (2003) (Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. 6(2),147-158) and Merz et al. (2023) (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01615-6) and other historical observations.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ht76hdrz6
Description of the data and file structure
This dataset comprises lipid and sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) data from short sediment cores of three lakes located in the Swiss Plateau, i.e., Greifensee (GRE), Murtensee (MUR), and Zugersee (ZUG). For Zugersee, two sediment cores were collected at the northern shallow basin (ZUG24_N) and the southern deep basin (ZUG24_S). Lipids and sedDNA were used as proxies to reconstruct changes of phytoplankton communities in response to 20th century eutrophication. Lipid data comprise hydrogen isotope ratios of C16:0 fatty acid and phytol, the phytol:sterol index, as well as sedimentary concentrations of various alcohols. sedDNA data are based on amplicon sequencing of the 23S rRNA gene of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algal plastids (Sherwood & Presting, 2007 (https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00341.x)).
Raw sequencing reads of sedDNA extracts are uploaded at the European Nucleotide Archive (PRJEB114126).
For Murtensee and Zugersee, the same cores were used for lipids and sedDNA, while for Greifensee, cores collected in 2018 were used for lipid analysis, and a core collected in 2024 was used for sedDNA analysis.
For Murtensee and the two basins of Zugersee, the age-depth model is also included which was created by 210Pb, 226Ra, and 137Cs measurements and Bayesian modeling (Aquino-López et al., 2018 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-018-0328-7)). For Greifensee, the sample age was mainly determined by varve counting and no separate age-depth profile was generated.
General:
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In addition to the abbreviation of the lake name, each file name contains the core collection year (GRE18, GRE24, MUR23, ZUG24).
Most files contain the sample name, the subsampling depth (cm), and the sample age reported as year in Common Era (CE). For Greifensee, no core depth is reported since subsampling was based on varve counting.
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Sample names contain the lake name, the sample type, and the depth (cm). In lipid datasets, the term 'LI' refers to 'lipids' and the term 'F3' in refers to the 3rd fraction of purified neutral lipids, i.e., the alcohols.
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Missing values in each file are indicated as '#NV' or 'NA'
Files and variables
File: GRE18_d2H_C16.0_phytol.csv
Description: This file contains lipid hydrogen isotope ratios from C16:0 fatty acid and phytol from the cores of Greifensee collected in 2018. Hydrogen isotope ratios are reported according to the delta notation (δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) in ‰. δ2H values are reported as mean values of multiple measurements, and 'SD' is the respective standard deviation.
The variable 'epsilon_C16.0.phytol' describes the relative offset between δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol values, calculated as: (δ2HC16:0 Acid +1)/(δ2HPhytol +1) – 1.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- year_CE: year Common Era
- C16.0_FA_d2H.VSMOW: mean δ2HC16:0 Acid values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- SD_C16.0_FA_d2H.VSMOW: standard deviation of mean δ2HC16:0 Acid values ( ‰)
- phytol_d2H.VSMOW: mean δ2HPhytol values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- SD_phytol_d2H.VSMOW: standard deviation of mean δ2HPhytol values ( ‰)
- epsilon_C16.0_phytol: the relative offset between δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol values (δ2HC16:0 Acid/Phytol values)
File: ZUG24_S_phytol.sterol.index.csv
Description: This file contains the phytol:sterol index (PSI) values of the core from the south basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. PSI values were calculated specifically for Zugersee based on sedimentary concentrations [μg/g TOC] by the following equation:
[phytol] / ([phytol] +[brassicasterol]+[campesterol] +[4α-desmethyl-dinosterol]+
[dehydro-dinosterol]+[dinostanol]+[dinosterol]+[sitostanol]+[sitosterol]+[stigmasterol])
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- phytol.sterol.index: PSI values
File: GRE18_phytol.sterol.index.csv
Description: This file contains the phytol:sterol index (PSI) values of the core from Greifensee collected in 2018. PSI values were calculated specifically for Greifensee based on sedimentary concentrations [μg/g TOC] by the following equation:
[phytol] / ([phytol]+[brassicasterol]+[campesterol] +[4α-desmethyl-dinosterol]+
[dehydro-dinosterol]+[dinostanol]+[dinosterol]+[sitostanol]+[sitosterol])
Variables
- sample: sample name
- year_CE: year Common Era
- phytol.sterol.index: PSI values
File: ZUG24_N_phytol.sterol.index.csv
Description: This file contains the phytol:sterol index (PSI) values of the core from the north basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. PSI values were calculated specifically for Zugersee based on sedimentary concentrations [μg/g TOC] by the following equation:
[phytol] / ([phytol] +[brassicasterol]+[campesterol] +[4α-desmethyl-dinosterol]+
[dehydro-dinosterol]+[dinostanol]+[dinosterol]+[sitostanol]+[sitosterol]+[stigmasterol])
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- phytol.sterol.index: PSI values
File: ZUG24_N_F3_ugTOC.csv
Description: This file contains the sedimentary concentrations of the purified alcohol fraction (F3) of the core from the north basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. The alcohol fraction includes alkanols, phytol, (phyto-)sterols, and triterpenoids, as well as hopanoids. Alcohol concentrations were normalized to Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and are reported as [μg/g TOC]. In some cases, uncertainties about the identity of a specific compound are indicated in the variable name as 'maybe' or 'unknown', and other details about the mass spectrum are indicated (mz: mass-to-charge ratio, M: molecular ion). Moreover, co-elution of multiple compounds are indicated as 'plus' and unknown co-eluting compounds are reported as 'plus.x'.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- C16.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C16 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C18.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C18 alkanol normalized to TOC
- Phytol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of phytol normalized to TOC
- C20.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C20 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C22.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C22 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C24.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C24 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C26.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C26 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C28.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C28 alkanol normalized to TOC
- cholesterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholesterol normalized to TOC
- cholestanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholestanol normalized to TOC
- Brassicasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of brassicasterol normalized to TOC
- Campesterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campesterol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Campestanol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campestanol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Stigmasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of stigmasterol normalized to TOC
- 4a.desmethyl.dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-desmethyl-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- C30.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- unknown.compound.M486_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown alcohol with molecular ion at mz 486
- Fungisterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of fungisterol normalized to TOC
- Sitosterol.plus.chondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of sitosterol co-eluting with chondrillasterol normalized to TOC
- Sitostanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of sitostanol normalized to TOC
- 4a.24.dimethyl.5a.cholestan.3b.ol.plus.b.Amyrin_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of 4α-24-dimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol co-eluting with β-amyrin normalized to TOC
- Dehydrodinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dehydro-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- Dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dinosterol normalized to TOC
- maybe.single.22.dihydrochondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of individual 22-dihydrochondrillasterol (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- a.Amyrin.plus.22.dihydrochondrillasterol.plus.Lupeol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of α-amyrin co-eluting with 22-dihydrochondrillasterol and lupeol normalized to TOC
- 4a.23.24.cholest.17.20.en.3b.ol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-23,24-cholest-17,20-en-3β-ol normalized to TOC
- Triterpenoid.mz.189.371.plus.alcohol.mz.174.227.395.410_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of an unknown triterpenoid with m/z 189 and 371 co-eluting with an unknown alcohol with m/z 174, 227, 395 and 410 normalized to TOC
- Dinostanol.plus.isomer_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of dinostanol and another dinostanol isomer normalized to TOC
- maybe.another.Dinostanol.isomer_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of another dinostanol isomer (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- sterol.mz.75.255.388.500_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown sterol with m/z 75, 255, 388, and 500 normalized to TOC
- C32.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- maybe.Lanosterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of lanosterol (with uncertainty about the identity) co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Tetrahymanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of tetrahymanol normalized to TOC
- Diplopterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of diplopterol normalized to TOC
File: ZUG24_S_F3_ugTOC.csv
Description: This file contains the sedimentary concentrations of the purified alcohol fraction (F3) of the core from the south basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. The alcohol fraction includes alkanols, phytol, (phyto-)sterols, and triterpenoids, as well as hopanoids. Alcohol concentrations were normalized to Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and are reported as [μg/g TOC]. In some cases, uncertainties about the identity of a specific compound are indicated in the variable name as 'maybe' or 'unknown', and other details about the mass spectrum are indicated (mz: mass to charge ratio, M: molecular ion). Moreover, co-elution of multiple compounds are indicated as 'plus' and unknown co-eluting compounds are reported as 'plus.x'.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- C16.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C16 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C18.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C18 alkanol normalized to TOC
- Phytol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of phytol normalized to TOC
- C20.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C20 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C22.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C22 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C24.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C24 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C26.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C26 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C28.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C28 alkanol normalized to TOC
- cholesterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholesterol normalized to TOC
- cholestanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholestanol normalized to TOC
- Brassicasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of brassicasterol normalized to TOC
- Campesterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campesterol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Campestanol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campestanol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Stigmasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of stigmasterol normalized to TOC
- 4a.desmethyl.dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-desmethyl-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- C30.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- unknown.compound.M486_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown alcohol with molecular ion at mz 486
- Fungisterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of fungisterol normalized to TOC
- Sitosterol.plus.chondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of sitosterol co-eluting with chondrillasterol normalized to TOC
- Sitostanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of sitostanol normalized to TOC
- 4a.24.dimethyl.5a.cholestan.3b.ol.plus.b.Amyrin_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of 4α-24-dimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol co-eluting with β-amyrin normalized to TOC
- Dehydrodinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dehydro-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- Dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dinosterol normalized to TOC
- maybe.single.22.dihydrochondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of individual 22-dihydrochondrillasterol (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- a.Amyrin.plus.22.dihydrochondrillasterol.plus.Lupeol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of α-amyrin co-eluting with 22-dihydrochondrillasterol and lupeol normalized to TOC
- 4a.23.24.cholest.17.20.en.3b.ol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-23,24-cholest-17,20-en-3β-ol normalized to TOC
- Triterpenoid.mz.189.371.plus.alcohol.mz.174.227.395.410_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of an unknown triterpenoid with m/z 189 and 371 co-eluting with an unknown alcohol with m/z 174, 227, 395 and 410 normalized to TOC
- Dinostanol.plus.isomer_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of dinostanol and another dinostanol isomer normalized to TOC
- maybe.another.Dinostanol.isomer_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of another dinostanol isomer (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- sterol.mz.75.255.388.500_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown sterol with m/z 75, 255, 388 and 500 normalized to TOC
- C32.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- maybe.lanosterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of lanosterol (with uncertainty about the identity) co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Tetrahymanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of tetrahymanol normalized to TOC
- Diplopterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of diplopterol normalized to TOC
File: MUR23_D1_phytol.sterol.index.csv
Description: This file contains the phytol:sterol index (PSI) values of the core from Murtensee collected in 2023. PSI values were calculated specifically for Zugersee based on sedimentary concentrations [μg/g TOC] by the following equation:
[phytol] / ([phytol]+[brassicasterol]+[campesterol]+[dehydro-dinosterol]+[dinostanol]+
[dinosterol]+[sitosterol]+[stigmasterol])
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- phytol.sterol.index: PSI values
File: MUR23_D1_d2H_C16.0_phytol.csv
Description: This file contains lipid hydrogen isotope ratios from C16:0 fatty acid and phytol from the cores of Greifensee collected in 2018. Hydrogen isotope ratios are reported according to the delta notation (δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol) relative to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) in ‰. δ2H values are reported as mean values of multiple measurements, and 'SD' is the respective standard deviation.
The variable 'epsilon_C16.0.phytol' describes the relative offset between δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol values, calculated as: (δ2HC16:0 Acid +1)/(δ2HPhytol +1) – 1.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year in Common Era
- C16.0_FA_d2H.VSMOW: mean δ2HC16:0 Acid values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- SD_C16.0_FA_d2H.VSMOW: standard deviation of mean δ2HC16:0 Acid values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- phytol_d2H.VSMOW: mean δ2HPhytol values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- SD_phytol_d2H.VSMOW: standard deviation of mean δ2HPhytol values ( ‰, VSMOW)
- epsilon_C16.0_phytol: the relative offset between δ2HC16:0 Acid and δ2HPhytol values (δ2HC16:0 Acid/Phytol values)
File: ZUG24_S_46_ages_run_260526.csv
Description: This file contains the results of the age-depth modeling for the core from the south basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. '46' refers to the number of depths for which the age was modeled, and '260526' refers to the date of the modeling run. The age-depth model was generated by Bayesian modeling based on 210Pb, 226Ra, and 137Cs measurements.
Variables
- depth: core depth (cm)
- min.95: minimum of the 95% confidence interval
- max.95: maximum of the 95% confidence interval
- median: median ages (reported as year CE)
- mean: mean ages (reported as year CE)
File: MUR23_D1_91_ages_run_260526.csv
Description: This file contains the results of the age-depth modeling for the core from Murtensee collected in 2023. '91' refers to the number of depths for which the age was modeled, and '260526' refers to the date of the modeling run. The age-depth model was generated by Bayesian modeling based on 210Pb, 226Ra, and 137Cs measurements.
Variables
- depth: core depth (cm)
- min.95: minimum of the 95% confidence interval
- max.95: maximum of the 95% confidence interval
- median: median ages (reported as year CE)
- mean: mean ages (reported as year CE)
File: ZUG24_N_51_ages_run_260526.csv
Description: This file contains the results of the age-depth modeling for the core from the north basin of Zugersee collected in 2024. '51' refers to the number depths for which the age was modeled, '260526' refers to the date of the modeling run. The age-depth model was generated by Bayesian modeling based on 210Pb, 226Ra and 137Cs measurements.
Variables
- depth: core depth (cm)
- min.95: minimum of the 95% confidence interval
- max.95: maximum of the 95% confidence interval
- median: median ages (reported as year CE)
- mean: mean ages (reported as year CE)
File: GRE18_F3_ug_gTOC.csv
Description: This file contains the sedimentary concentrations of the purified alcohol fraction (F3) of the Greifensee cores collected in 2018. The alcohol fraction includes alkanols, phytol, (phyto-)sterols, and triterpenoids, as well as hopanoids. Alcohol concentrations were normalized to Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and are reported as [μg/g TOC]. In some cases, uncertainties about the identity of a specific compound are indicated in the variable name as 'maybe' or 'unknown' and other details about the mass spectrum are indicated (mz: mass to charge ratio, M: moleular ion). Moreover, co-elution of multiple compounds are indicated as 'plus' and unknown co-eluting compounds are reported as 'plus.x'.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- year_CE: year Common Era
- C16.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C16 alkanol normalized to TOC
- alcohol.mz.84.97.279_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown unknown alcohol with m/z 84, 97 and 279 normalized to TOC
- C18.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C18 alkanol normalized to TOC
- Phytol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of phytol normalized to TOC
- alcohol.mz.57.267.95.497_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown alcohol with m/z 57, 95, 267 and 497 normalized to TOC
- C20.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C20 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C22.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C22 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C24.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C24 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C26.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C26 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C28.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C28 alkanol normalized to TOC
- cholesterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholesterol normalized to TOC
- cholestanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholestanol normalized to TOC
- Brassicasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of brassicasterol normalized to TOC
- Campesterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campesterol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Campestanol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of campestanol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Stigmasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of stigmasterol normalized to TOC
- 4a.desmethyl.dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-desmethyl-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- C30.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- unknown.compound.M486_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown alcohol with molecular ion at mz 486
- Fungisterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of fungisterol normalized to TOC
- Sitosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of sitosterol normalized to TOC
- Chondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of chondrillasterol normalized to TOC
- Sitostanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of sitostanol normalized to TOC
- 4a.24.dimethyl.5a.cholestan.3b.ol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-24-dimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol normalized to TOC
- b.Amyrin_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of β-amyrin normalized to TOC
- Dehydrodinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dehydro-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- Dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dinosterol normalized to TOC
- maybe.single.22.dihydrochondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of individual 22-dihydrochondrillasterol (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- a.Amyrin.plus.22.dihydrochondrillasterol.plus.Lupeol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of α-amyrin co-eluting with 22-dihydrochondrillasterol and lupeol normalized to TOC
- 4a.23.24.cholest.17.20.en.3b.ol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-23,24-cholest-17,20-en-3β-ol normalized to TOC
- Triterpenoid.mz.189.371.plus.alcohol.mz.174.227.395.410_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of an unknown triterpenoid with m/z 189 and 371 co-eluting with an unknown alcohol with m/z 174, 227, 395 and 410 normalized to TOC
- Triterpenoid.mz.189.371.plus.alcohol.mz.227.410.500_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of an unknown triterpenoid with m/z 189 and 371 co-eluting with an unknown alcohol with m/z 227, 410 and 500 normalized to TOC
- Dinostanol.plus.isomer_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of dinostanol and another dinostanol isomer normalized to TOC
- maybe.another.Dinostanol.isomer_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of another dinostanol isomer (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- sterol.mz.75.255.388.500_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown sterol with m/z 75, 255, 388 and 500 normalized to TOC
- C32.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- maybe.Lanosterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of lanosterol (with uncertainty about the identity) co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Tetrahymanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of tetrahymanol normalized to TOC
- Diplopterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of diplopterol normalized to TOC
File: MUR23_D1_F3_ug_gTOC.csv
Description: This file contains the sedimentary concentrations of the purified alcohol fraction (F3) of the Murtensee core collected in 2023. The alcohol fraction includes alkanols, phytol, (phyto-)sterols, and triterpenoids, as well as hopanoids. Alcohol concentrations were normalized to Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and are reported as [μg/g TOC]. In some cases, uncertainties about the identity of a specific compound are indicated in the variable name as 'maybe' or 'unknown', and other details about the mass spectrum are indicated (mz: mass to charge ratio, M: molecular ion). Moreover, co-elution of multiple compounds are indicated as 'plus' and unknown co-eluting compounds are reported as 'plus.x'.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year in Common Era
- C16.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C16 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C18.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C18 alkanol normalized to TOC
- Phytol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of phytol normalized to TOC
- C20.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C20 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C22.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C22 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C24.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C24 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C26.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C26 alkanol normalized to TOC
- C28.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C28 alkanol normalized to TOC
- Cholesterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholesterol normalized to TOC
- Cholestanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of cholestanol normalized to TOC
- Brassicasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of brassicasterol normalized to TOC
- Campesterol.co.eluter_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown compound co-eluting with campesterol normalized to TOC
- Campesterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of campesterol normalized to TOC
- Campestanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of campestanol normalized to TOC
- Stigmasterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of stigmasterol normalized to TOC
- 4a.desmethyl.dinosterol.plus.C30.alkanol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of 4α-desmethyl-dinosterol co-eluting with C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- unknown.comound.M486_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown alcohol with molecular ion at mz 486
- Fungisterol.plus.x_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of fungisterol co-eluting with an unknown compound (x) normalized to TOC
- Sitosterol.plus.chondrillasterol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of sitosterol co-eluting with chondrillasterol normalized to TOC
- Sitostanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of sitostanol normalized to TOC
- 4a.24.dimethyl.5a.cholestan.3b.ol.plus.b.Amyrin_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of 4α-24-dimethyl-5α-cholestan-3β-ol co-eluting with β-amyrin normalized to TOC
- Dehydrodinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dehydro-dinosterol normalized to TOC
- Dinosterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dinosterol normalized to TOC
- a.Amyrin.plus.dihydrochondrillasterol.plus.Lupeol_ug.gTOC: summed sedimentary concentration of α-amyrin co-eluting with 22-dihydrochondrillasterol and lupeol normalized to TOC
- 4a.23.24.cholest.17.20.en.3b.ol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of 4α-23,24-cholest-17,20-en-3β-ol normalized to TOC
- Triterpenoid.mz.189.371_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown triterpenoid with m/z 189 and 371 normalized to TOC
- Dinostanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of dinostanol normalized to TOC
- maybe.another.Dinostanol.isomer_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of another dinostanol isomer (with uncertainty about the identity) normalized to TOC
- sterol.mz.75.255.388.500_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown sterol with m/z 75, 255, 388 and 500 normalized to TOC
- C32.alkanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of C30 alkanol normalized to TOC
- sterol.mz.387_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of an unknown sterol with m/z 387 normalized to TOC
- Tetrahymanol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of tetrahymanol normalized to TOC
- Diplopterol_ug.gTOC: sedimentary concentration of diplopterol normalized to TOC
File: MUR23_ASV_count_phylum.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Murtensee core collected in 2023. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomix phylum level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyta
- Chlorophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyta
- Cyanobacteriota: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanobacteriota
- Euglenozoa: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenozoa
- Prasinodermophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyta
- Rhodophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodophyta
- Streptophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Streptophyta
- unassigned: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs with no phylum assignment (note that NCBI does not assign a phylum to every taxonomic class and/or the exact phylum assignment is unclear)
File: GRE24_ASV_count_class.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Greifensee core collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic class level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyceae
- Bangiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bangiophyceae
- Bolidophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bolidophyceae
- Chlorokybophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorokybophyceae
- Chlorophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyceae
- Chloropicophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chloropicophyceae
- Chrysophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chrysophyceae
- Compsopogonophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Compsopogonophyceae
- Coscinodiscophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Coscinodiscophyceae
- Cryptophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cryptophyceae
- Cyanophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanophyceae
- Dictyochophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dictyochophyceae
- Dinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dinophyceae
- Euglenida: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenida
- Eustigmatophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Eustigmatophyceae
- Florideophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Florideophyceae
- Fragilariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Fragilariophyceae
- Glaucocystophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Glaucocystophyceae
- Mamiellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mamiellophyceae
- Mediophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mediophyceae
- Palmophyllophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Palmophyllophyceae
- Pedinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Pedinophyceae
- Phaeophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Phaeophyceae
- Prasinodermophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyceae
- Rhodellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodellophyceae
- Stylonematophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Stylonematophyceae
- Synurophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Synurophyceae
- Trebouxiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Trebouxiophyceae
- Ulvophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Ulvophyceae
- Xanthophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Xanthophyceae
- Zygnemophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Zygnemophyceae
File: ZUG24_N_ASV_count_phylum.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Zugersee core (northern basin) collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic phylum level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyta
- Chlorophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyta
- Cyanobacteriota: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanobacteriota
- Euglenozoa: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenozoa
- Prasinodermophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyta
- Rhodophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodophyta
- Streptophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Streptophyta
- unassigned: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs with no phylum assignment (note that NCBI does not assign a phylum to every taxonomic class and/or the exact phylum assignment is unclear)
File: ZUG24_S_ASV_count_phylum.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Zugersee core southern basin) collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic phylum level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyta
- Chlorophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyta
- Cyanobacteriota: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanobacteriota
- Euglenozoa: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenozoa
- Prasinodermophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyta
- Rhodophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodophyta
- Streptophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Streptophyta
- unassigned: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs with no phylum assignment (note that NCBI does not assign a phylum to every taxonomic class and/or the exact phylum assignment is unclear)
File: ZUG24_S_ASV_count_class.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Zugersee core (southern basin) collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic class level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyceae
- Bangiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bangiophyceae
- Bolidophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bolidophyceae
- Chlorokybophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorokybophyceae
- Chlorophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyceae
- Chloropicophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chloropicophyceae
- Chrysophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chrysophyceae
- Compsopogonophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Compsopogonophyceae
- Coscinodiscophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Coscinodiscophyceae
- Cryptophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cryptophyceae
- Cyanophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanophyceae
- Dictyochophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dictyochophyceae
- Dinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dinophyceae
- Euglenida: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenida
- Eustigmatophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Eustigmatophyceae
- Florideophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Florideophyceae
- Fragilariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Fragilariophyceae
- Glaucocystophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Glaucocystophyceae
- Mamiellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mamiellophyceae
- Mediophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mediophyceae
- Palmophyllophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Palmophyllophyceae
- Pedinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Pedinophyceae
- Phaeophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Phaeophyceae
- Prasinodermophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyceae
- Rhodellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodellophyceae
- Stylonematophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Stylonematophyceae
- Synurophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Synurophyceae
- Trebouxiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Trebouxiophyceae
- Ulvophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Ulvophyceae
- Xanthophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Xanthophyceae
- Zygnemophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Zygnemophyceae
File: GRE24_ASV_count_phylum.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Greifensee core collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic phylum level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyta
- Chlorophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyta
- Cyanobacteriota: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanobacteriota
- Euglenozoa: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenozoa
- Prasinodermophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyta
- Rhodophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodophyta
- Streptophyta: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Streptophyta
- unassigned: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs with no phylum assignment (note that NCBI does not assign a phylum to every taxonomic class and/or the exact phylum assignment is unclear)
File: MUR23_ASV_count_class.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Murtensee core collected in 2023. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic class level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyceae
- Bangiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bangiophyceae
- Bolidophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bolidophyceae
- Chlorokybophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorokybophyceae
- Chlorophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyceae
- Chloropicophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chloropicophyceae
- Chrysophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chrysophyceae
- Compsopogonophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Compsopogonophyceae
- Coscinodiscophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Coscinodiscophyceae
- Cryptophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cryptophyceae
- Cyanophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanophyceae
- Dictyochophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dictyochophyceae
- Dinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dinophyceae
- Euglenida: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenida
- Eustigmatophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Eustigmatophyceae
- Florideophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Florideophyceae
- Fragilariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Fragilariophyceae
- Glaucocystophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Glaucocystophyceae
- Mamiellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mamiellophyceae
- Mediophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mediophyceae
- Palmophyllophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Palmophyllophyceae
- Pedinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Pedinophyceae
- Phaeophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Phaeophyceae
- Prasinodermophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyceae
- Rhodellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodellophyceae
- Stylonematophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Stylonematophyceae
- Synurophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Synurophyceae
- Trebouxiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Trebouxiophyceae
- Ulvophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Ulvophyceae
- Xanthophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Xanthophyceae
- Zygnemophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Zygnemophyceae
File: ZUG24_N_ASV_count_class.csv
Description: This file contains the relative abundance (%) of phytoplankton 23S rRNA amplicon sequencing variants (ASV) in sedDNA extracts from the Zugersee core (northern basin) collected in 2024. Raw sequencing data have been processed by the dada2 pipeline incl. taxonomic assignments by the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (accessed on 5th June 2026) and filtered for phytoplankton groups, while reads from non-algal groups have been excluded. Phytoplankton ASVs have been summed on the taxonomic class level.
Variables
- sample: sample name
- depth_cm: subsampling depth
- year_CE: year Common Era
- Bacillariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bacillariophyceae
- Bangiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bangiophyceae
- Bolidophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Bolidophyceae
- Chlorokybophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorokybophyceae
- Chlorophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chlorophyceae
- Chloropicophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chloropicophyceae
- Chrysophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Chrysophyceae
- Compsopogonophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Compsopogonophyceae
- Coscinodiscophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Coscinodiscophyceae
- Cryptophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cryptophyceae
- Cyanophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Cyanophyceae
- Dictyochophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dictyochophyceae
- Dinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Dinophyceae
- Euglenida: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Euglenida
- Eustigmatophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Eustigmatophyceae
- Florideophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Florideophyceae
- Fragilariophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Fragilariophyceae
- Glaucocystophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Glaucocystophyceae
- Mamiellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mamiellophyceae
- Mediophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Mediophyceae
- Palmophyllophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Palmophyllophyceae
- Pedinophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Pedinophyceae
- Phaeophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Phaeophyceae
- Prasinodermophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Prasinodermophyceae
- Rhodellophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Rhodellophyceae
- Stylonematophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Stylonematophyceae
- Synurophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Synurophyceae
- Trebouxiophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Trebouxiophyceae
- Ulvophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Ulvophyceae
- Xanthophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Xanthophyceae
- Zygnemophyceae: relative abundance of 23S rRNA ASVs assigned to Zygnemophyceae
Code/software
Data analyses and visualizations can be carried out in R (R version 4.4.1, R Core Team 2024, Vienna, AT) and RStudio (2023.06.1+524) - the corresponding R scripts are uploaded in GitHub (https://github.com/antoniaKlatt/Klatt_etal_2026_SwissPlateau_Lakes/tree/main).
In most cases, the ‘ggplot2’ (Wickham 2009) and the ‘cowplot’ package (Wilke 2020) can be used for visualizations.
Other R packages required for data analyses are ‘vegan’ (Oksanen et al., 2025), ‘caret’ (Kuhn 2008), ‘rioja’ (Juggins 2024), ‘ggdendro’, (De Vries & Ripley 2024), ‘factoextra’ (Kassambara & Mundt 2020).
Access information
Other publicly accessible locations of the data:
- https://github.com/antoniaKlatt/Klatt_etal_2026_SwissPlateau_Lakes/tree/main
- ENA (PRJEB114126) (raw sequencing reads of sedDNA extracts)