Data from: Assessing the impact of character evolution models on phylogenetic and macroevolutionary inferences from fossil data
Data files
Oct 24, 2025 version files 65.63 MB
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combined_multiRate.trees
13.86 MB
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Functions.R
7.61 KB
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MCC_Combined_multiRate.tre
6.55 KB
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MCC_Combined.tre
6.53 KB
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MCC_Partitioned.tre
6.56 KB
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MCC_relaxedClock_unpartitioned.tre
6.66 KB
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MCC_Strict_clock.tre
6.56 KB
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olenid_2_states_all.nex
2.66 KB
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olenid_2_states_eco.nex
1.89 KB
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olenid_2_states.nex
2.44 KB
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olenid_3_states_all.nex
2.48 KB
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olenid_3_states_eco.nex
1.83 KB
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olenid_3_states.nex
2.32 KB
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olenid_4_states_all.nex
2.14 KB
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olenid_4_states_eco.nex
1.76 KB
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olenid_4_states.nex
2.02 KB
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olenid_5_states.nex
1.73 KB
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olenid_6_states.nex
1.72 KB
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olenid_combined.trees
11.56 MB
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olenid_cont.nex
7.55 KB
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olenid_partitioned.trees
11.30 MB
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olenid_phy_strict.trees
11.32 MB
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olenid_unpartitioned.trees
11.37 MB
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OlenidaeScript.Rev
15.26 KB
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README.md
1.77 KB
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TreeSpace.R
10.63 KB
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Wright_and_Hopkings__Supplementary_Information.pdf
6.12 MB
Abstract
Understanding the evolution and phylogenetic distribution of morphologic traits is fundamental to macroevolutionary research. Despite decades of major advances and key insights from molecular systematics, organismal anatomical features remain a key source of biological data for both inferring phylogenies and investigating patterns of trait evolution among fossil and extant species. In palaeobiology, morphologic characters are typically the only source of information available for reconstructing evolutionary trees. Systematists working with fossil data must make decisions regarding how morphological characters are modeled, whether they are coded as continuous or categorical, and how to address biological sources of rate variation. To determine the impact of how different models of morphological evolution influence phylogenetic inferences and downstream comparative analyses of fossil data, we competed a series of increasingly complex model configurations of character evolution to a dataset of Cambrian-Ordovician trilobites containing both discrete morphological characters and continuous traits. Competed models vary in complexity, ranging from simple constant rate scenarios with only discrete categorical traits, to complex evolutionary models including both discrete and quantitative traits across multiple ecological partitions while accounting for multiple sources of rate variation. We compared topological distributions across competed models by visualizing their distances in multidimensional treespace. Results indicate support for rate-variable models and partitioning characters. However, inclusion of continuous traits dramatically alters macroevolutionary inferences. Character model complexity also has a major impact on which regions of treespace are explored, suggesting a critical need to carefully model morphologic evolution even when systematists are only interested in patterns of phylogenetic relationships alone.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ksn02v7gf
Description of the data and file structure
Data comprise nexus files for morphologic character data from Monti and Confalonieri (2019) partitioned by character state and into ecologic vs. non-ecologic traits. Results of phylogenetic analyses are saved as .trees and .tre files, including the posterior sample and maximum clade credibility trees. R scripts are included to generate treespaces from the results.
References:
Monti, D.S. and Confalonieri, V.A., 2019. First cladistic analysis of the trilobite family Olenidae from the Furongian and Ordovician. Lethaia, 52(3), pp.304-322.
Code/software
Data files can be viewed in a standard text editor. A custom R script includes functions for generating tree space visualizations. Any pdf viewer can be used to open Wright_and_Hopkins__Supplementary_Information.pdf.
R is required to run the Treespace.R file that reproduces the treespace results, which requires Functions.R and all files ending with .trees to be in the same working directory. The files with the suffix .trees are named by the model configurations described in the main text.
RevBayes is required to run files ending in .Rev, and require the character data files be included in the same working directory. Discrete character data are files ending in .nex and are named by the number of character states and an indicator for whether or not they were coded as ecologically significant traits. The continuous character data file is olenid_cont.nex. The file OlenidaeScript.Rev runs the phylogenetic analyses.
