This dataset contains quality-controlled observations collected by Mixed Layer Float 76 (Float 76) in the northern Bay of Bengal during 2016. The dataset consists of MATLAB files containing high-frequency (every 30 s) measurements of ocean temperature, salinity, potential density, pressure, depth, observation time, position, and Lagrangian drift identification. There are two CTD sensors (one up and one down) which are 1.4 meters apart. The data are organized as continuous measurements of the float along its trajectory during deployment, with variables stored in standard scientific units for direct analysis. The dataset contains no personal, confidential, or sensitive information and is provided for unrestricted scientific reuse under the Dryad data-sharing terms.