Synergistic effects of warming and organic matter enrichment on coastal phosphorus dynamics at high-nitrogen concentrations
Data files
Jul 29, 2026 version files 42.01 MB
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Data_Master.csv
17.19 KB
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DGT_LabileP.xlsx
41.99 MB
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README.md
3.91 KB
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SEM.csv
1.53 KB
Abstract
This dataset supports the findings and conclusions presented by Ma et al. in “Synergistic effects of warming and organic matter enrichment on coastal phosphorus dynamics at high-nitrogen concentrations”. The data were collected from a mesocosm system containing seawater and sediment from Xiangshan Port in the East China Sea (29°62′68″ N, 121°82′22″ E). Sampling was conducted weekly from November 2023 to January 2024. Analyzed parameters included water-column total nitrogen, ammonium, total phosphorus, phosphate, and phytoplankton chlorophyll a; porewater phosphate, ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite; alkaline phosphatase activity, benthic algal chlorophyll a, potential nitrification rate, and phosphate-solubilizing bacterial abundance; phosphorus fractionation, organic matter content, and particle size distribution; functional genes involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling; and labile phosphorus concentrations and release fluxes at the sediment–water interface.
Description of the data and file structure
Files and variables
File: Data_Master.csv
Description: Master dataset of total phosphorus (TP) concentrations, phosphate-solubilizing bacterial abundances, phosphorus fractionation, and environmental conditions for each of the 18 aquaria.
Variables
- Treatment ID: labels for different treatment groups
- TreatmentNum: different replicates of the same treatment
- Year: sampling year
- Month: sampling month
- Day: sampling day
- WT: water temperature (℃)
- pH: water pH
- Eh: redox potential (mV)
- DO: dissolved oxygen (mg/L)
- Salinity: water salinity
- pH_s: sediment pH
- Chla_phy: phytoplankton chlorophyll a (μg/L)
- Chla_ben: chlorophyll a of benthic algae (μg/g)
- APA: alkaline phosphatase activity (μg P/g/h)
- PO4: phosphate (mg/L)
- TP: total phosphorus (mg/L)
- PO4_pore: phosphate in pore water (mg/L)
- NOx: nitrite and nitrate in water (mg/L)
- NH4: ammonium (mg/L)
- TN: total nitrogen (mg/L)
- NOx_pore: nitrite and nitrate in pore water (mg/L)
- NH4_pore: ammonium in pore water (mg/L)
- PNR: potential nitrification rate (mg/L/h)
- OM: organic matter in sediment (g/kg dw)
- TP_s: total phosphorus in sediment (g/kg dw)
- IP_s: inorganic phosphorus in sediment (g/kg dw)
- OP_s: organic phosphorus in sediment (g/kg dw)
- RedP: redox-sensitive phosphorus (g/kg dw)
- CaP: calcium-bound phosphorus (g/kg dw)
- OPB: organic phosphorus -mineralizing bacteria (×105 CFU/g)
- IPB: Inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (×105 CFU/g)
File: DGT_LabileP.xlsx
Description: Data matrix of labile phosphorus concentrations monitored by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique across 18 experimental aquaria on November 27, 2023 (initial status) and January 8, 2024 (warming and organic matter treatments).
Column A: represents the sampling width (mm)
Row 1: represents the sampling depth (mm)
Cell values are the measured labile phosphorus concentrations.
Sheets
- OM15-Pre and OM35-Pre: initial treatment groups with organic matter at 15 and 35 g/kg, respectively
- WT5OM15: treatment groups with water temperature at 5 ℃ and organic matter at 15 g/kg
- WT5OM35: treatment group with water temperature at 5 ℃ and organic matter at 35 g/kg
- WT20OM15: treatment group with water temperature at 20 ℃ and organic matter at 15 g/kg
- WT20OM35: treatment group with water temperature at 20 ℃ and organic matter at 35 g/kg
- WT35OM15: treatment group with water temperature at 35 ℃ and organic matter at 15 g/kg
- WT35OM35: treatment group with water temperature at 35 ℃ and organic matter at 35 g/kg
This matrix facilitates subsequent statistical analyses, such as the calculation of phosphorus release flux
Variables
- Labile phosphorus concentration (mg/L)
File: SEM.csv
Description: Data used for piecewise structural equation modeling across 18 experimental aquaria, where rows represent the sample ID and columns represent water quality indicators (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, sediment pH etc.). This data facilitates the construction of piecewise structural equation modeling.
Variables
- Sample: labels for different treatment aquaria
- WT: water temperature (℃)
- DO: dissolved oxygen (mg/L)
- pH_s: sediment pH
- APA: alkaline phosphatase activity (μg P/g/h)
- TP: total phosphorus (mg/L)
- NH4: ammonium (mg/L)
- NOx: nitrite and nitrate in water (mg/L)
- PNR: potential nitrification rate (mg/L/h)
- OM: organic matter in sediment (g/kg dw)
- PS：Sediment article size (μm)
- gdhA gene: organic nitrogen mineralization gene (copies/g)
- nirK3 gene: denitrification gene (copies/g)
We established a mesocosm experimental system comprising six treatment groups with a total of 18 aquaria. These 18 aquaria represented a full factorial design with two temperature levels and three organic matter enrichment levels (labeled WT5OM15, WT5OM35, WT20OM15, WT20OM35, WT35OM15, and WT35OM35), with three replicates per treatment. Each aquarium contained 10 cm of sediment overlain by 35 cm of seawater, and was equipped with cooling/heating rods and hydrodynamic control units (Guangzhou Fort Fisherman Co., Ltd., China) to maintain precise temperature control and closely mimic natural tidal hydrodynamics. Water temperature, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and pH were measured throughout the water column using a YSI ProPlus multiparameter probe (Yellow Spring Inc., USA).
Seawater samples were collected using 300-mL syringe-operated Niskin bottles for determination of total nitrogen, ammonium, total phosphorus, phosphate, and phytoplankton chlorophyll a. Pore water was collected using 100-mL Rhizon soil moisture samplers (Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, The Netherlands) for analysis of phosphate, ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite. Surface sediment (0–5 cm) was collected using a core sampler and analysed for alkaline phosphatase activity, benthic algal chlorophyll a, potential nitrification rate, abundance of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, phosphorus fractionation, organic matter content, particle size distribution, and functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling. The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique was used to measure labile phosphorus concentrations and release fluxes at the sediment–water interface. Except for sediment particle size distribution, functional gene abundances, and labile phosphorus, which were measured only at the beginning and end of the experiment, all other parameters were monitored weekly for a total of six times.