Data from: Belowground-mediated and phase-dependent processes drive nitrogen-evoked community changes in grasslands
Data files
Apr 29, 2020 version files 75.46 KB
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Data_Dryad_Tian_et_al._JE.xlsx
75.46 KB
Abstract
- Enhanced deposition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) leads to loss of plant diversity in grassland ecosystems. Numerous theories have provided potential explanations for the negative effects of N enrichment on plant diversity. However, the relative importance of each mechanism and the time scales of responses for the different functional groups remain unclear.
- We investigated the temporal responses of plant community in a temperate steppe to N enrichment by linking aboveground to belowground processes using a series of field N-addition and greenhouse experiments.
- The N enrichment-induced declines in plant diversity of grasslands were phase-based, functional group-dependent, and driven by three belowground processes. The rapid accumulation of NH4+-N by N addition inhibited photosynthetic rates of broad-leaf-non-rhizomatous forbs, contributing to loss of these N-sensitive species during early phase of N enrichment (≤3 years). The N-induced changes in this phase were independent of soil pH as evidenced by results from application lime to mitigate N-evoked soil acidification. With progression of N addition, manganese (Mn) toxicity to narrow-leaf-non-rhizomatous forbs due to soil acidification-induced Mn2+ mobilization in soil accounted for their loss in the second phase of N enrichment (~ 4-9 years). When N addition proceeded longer than ~10 years, N enrichment stimulated belowground meristem differentiation and rhizome growth of the rhizomatous species, leading to the dominance by rhizomatous sedges/grasses in the community at later phase of N enrichment.
Synthesis: The hierarchical mechanisms not only provide a comprehensive explanation for the N enrichment-induced diversity decline in grasslands, but can also facilitate us to understand the differential sensitivities of ecosystems to chronic N enrichment, and predict future ecosystem dynamics.
The dataset was collected from both field and greenhouse experiments.