Patterns of change in floral color and odor of Lonicera calcarata are in relation to pollinator behavior
Data files
Apr 25, 2025 version files 102.27 KB
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1_floral_traits_of_Lonicera_calcarata_.csv
7.01 KB
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2_stigma_activity.csv
995 B
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3_nectar_traits.csv
1.82 KB
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4_spectral_reflectance_of_flowers.csv
50.32 KB
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5_floral_odor.csv
4.93 KB
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6_Y-tube_olfactometer_tests.csv
184 B
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7_visit_rate.csv
18.82 KB
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8_pollination_treatments.csv
5.19 KB
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README.md
12.99 KB
Abstract
Floral color and odor serve as attractants for pollinators. It remains unclear how changes in these traits in color-change species interact with pollinators and impact plants’ reproductive success. Lonicera calcarata flowers change from white (night 1, day 1) through yellow and orange (night 2, day 2) to orange-red (night 3, day 3). Our research showed that floral characters, stigma activity, nectar production and floral spectral reflectance decreased through flowering phases. Floral odor mainly comprised fatty acids, aldehydes, monoterpenes and alcohols, especially n-hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanal and 3-carene. Total response intensity of floral odor was significantly higher on nights 1 and 3 than in other flowering phases, largely due to presence of fatty acids. The emission of n-hexadecanoic acid was higher on nights 1 and 3 compared to other phases, while hexadecanal emission remained constant throughout the flowering stages. The emission of 3-carene was highest on night 1. L. calcarata was mainly pollinated by the moth Chorodna strixaria, the butterfly Acosmeryx naga and three bumblebees (Bombus melanurus, B. eximius, B. sonani) and they all preferred to visit white (younger) flowers. Moths had a preference for 3-carene and no significant preference for n-hexadecanoic acid and hexadecanal. Seed sets of nocturnal pollination and control treatments were not significantly different. L. calcarata could produce seeds by self-pollination, and cross-pollination significantly increased seed set. Floral color guides pollinators to visit younger flowers with more floral rewards and higher stigma activity. Different chemical compounds in floral odor may not only attract pollinators but also avoid herbivore damage.
This README file was generated on 2025-3-6 by Xiaoyue Wang.
GENERAL INFORMATION
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Title of Dataset: Patterns of change in floral color and odor of Lonicera calcarata are in relation to pollinator behavior
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Author Information
A. Principal Investigator Contact InformationName: Xiaoyue Wang
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: Wang.xiaoyue1989@163.comB. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information
Name:Shunyu Wang
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email:shunyu_wang1@126.com
Name: Yang Li
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: liyang__2001@163.com
Name: Xin Li
Institution:Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: 2298732879@qq.com
Name: Quanxiu Fan
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: 2027879142@qq.com
Name: Yin Yi
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: gzklppdr@gznu.edu.cn
Name: Xiaoxin Tang
Institution: Guizhou Normal University
Address: Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
Email: tangxiaoxin@mail.gznu.edu.cn -
Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2022-2024
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Geographic location of data collection: Malipo county, Yunnan province, China.
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Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (number 32360262; 31901208), Guizhou Provincial Program on Commercialization of Scientific and Technological Achievements (number [2022] 010); Water-Fertilizer Coupling and Biodiversity Restoration in Karst Rocky Desertification (number QianJiaoJi [2023] 004); Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Alpine Rhododendron Diseases and Pests of Institutions of Higher Learning in Guizhou Province (number [2022] 044).
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
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Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain
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Links to publications that cite or use the data:
Wang, Xiaoyue et al. (Forthcoming 2025). Patterns of change in floral color and odor of Lonicera calcarata are in relation to pollinator behavior. Journal of Systematics and Evolution.
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Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
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Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
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Was data derived from another source? No
A. If yes, list source(s): NA
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
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File List:
1_floral_traits_of_Lonicera_calcarata_
2_stigma_activity
3_nectar_traits
4_spectral_reflectance_of_flowers
5_floral_odor
6_Y-tube_olfactometer_tests
7_visit_rate
8_pollination_treatments
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Relationship between files, if important: None
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Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
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Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No
A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA
i. Why was the file updated? NA
ii. When was the file updated? NA
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 1_floral_traits_of_Lonicera_calcarata_
these data was used to compare the compare morphological characters among white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Number of variables: 17
- Number of cases/rows: 180
- Variable List:
- Upper lip length (mm): the upper lip length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Upper lip width (mm): the upper lip width of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Lower lip length (mm): the lower lip length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Lower lip width (mm): the lower lip width of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Opening length (mm): the opening length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Opening diameter (mm): the opening diameter of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Tube length (mm): the tube length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Tube diameter (mm): the tube diameter of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Spur length (mm): the spur length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Spur diameter (mm): the spur diameter of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Pistil length (mm): the pistil length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Stigma thickness (mm): the stigma thickness of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Stigma length (mm): the stigma length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Stamen length (mm): the stamen length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Anther length (mm): the anther length of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Anther width (mm): the anther width of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Anther thickness (mm): the anther thickness of white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- flower color: white, yellow and orange-red flowers of Lonicera calcarata.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 2_stigma_activity.csv
these data was used to compare the temporal patterns of stigma activity of Lonicera calcarata.
- Number of variables: 2
- Number of cases/rows: 90
- Variable List:
- the number of bubbles: the number of bubbles on the stigma indicating the stigma activity.
- flowering phases: night 1, day 1, night 2, day 2, night 3 and day 3.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 3_nectar_traits.csv
These are the data used to compare the temporal patterns of nectar availability of Lonicera calcarata.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 115
- Variable List:
- nectar standing crop (mL): the nectar standing crop of Lonicera calcarata.
- sugar concentration (%): the nectar sugar concentration of Lonicera calcarata.
- flowering stages: night 1, day 1, night 2, day 2, night 3 and day 3.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None.
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 4_spectral_reflectance_of_flowers.csv
these data the corolla color change of Lonicera calcarata during night 1, day 1 night 2, day 2, night 3 and day 3.
- Number of variables: 8
- Number of cases/rows: 926
- Variable List:
- wavelength (nm): the wavelength of spectral reflectance.
- Night 1: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at night 1.
- Day 1: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at day 1.
- Day 2: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at day 2.
- Night 2: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at night 2.
- Night 3: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at night 3.
- Day 3: the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample at day 3.
- Stigma : the spectral reflectance (%) of the floral odor sample of stigma.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 5_floral_odor.csv
the data characterize floral scent composition and content of Lonicera calcarata on night 1, day 1, night 2, day 2, night 3 and day 3 of flowering.
- Number of variables: 22
- Number of cases/rows: 42
- Variable List:
- chemical compounds: the chemical compounds in floral odor of Lonicera calcarata.
- night 1-1: the first sample of floral odor at night 1.
- night 1-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at night 1.
- night 1-3: the third sample of floral odor at night 1.
- day 1-1: the first sample of floral odor at day 1.
- day 1-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at day 1.
- day 1-3: the third sample of floral odor at day 1.
- day 1-4: the fourth sample of floral odor at day 1.
- night 2-1: the first sample of floral odor at night 2.
- night 2-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at night 2.
- night 2-3: the third sample of floral odor at night 2.
- night 2-4: the fourth sample of floral odor at night 2.
- day 2-1: the first sample of floral odor at day 2.
- day 2-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at day 2.
- day 2-3: the third sample of floral odor at day 2.
- day 2-4: the fourth sample of floral odor at day 2.
- night 3-1: the first sample of floral odor at night 3.
- night 3-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at night 3.
- night 3-3: the third sample of floral odor at night 3.
- day 3-1: the first sample of floral odor at day 3.
- day 3-2: the secondary sample of floral odor at day 3.
- day 3-3: the third sample of floral odor at day 3.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 6_Y-tube_olfactometer_tests.csv
The data examine whether the nocturnal pollinators of Lonicera calcarata have a preference for the main floral scent component.
- Number of variables: 4
- Number of cases/rows: 3
- Variable List:
- chemicals of main floral odor: the chemicals of main floral odor including 3-carene, n-hexadecanoic acid and hexadecanal.
- number of moths flying to treated end: the number of moths flying to treated end in the Y-tube olfactometer tests.
- number of moths flying to control end: the number of moths flying to control end in the Y-tube olfactometer tests.
- no choice: the number of moths making no choices in the Y-tube olfactometer tests.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 7_visit_rate.csv
the data showed the visit rates of different visitors and probability of pre-change/post-change flowers being visited by different visitors.
- Number of variables: 12
- Number of cases/rows: 277
- Variable List:
- visit rates: the visit rates of different visitors
- visitor types: Aporia agathon; Chorodna strixaria; B. eximuius; B. melanurus; B. sonani.
- probability of flower being visited by Aporia agathon: the probability of flower being visited by Aporia agathon.
- flower types: pre-change flowers and post-change flowers.
- probability of flower being visited by Bombus melanurus: the probability of flower being visited by Bombus melanurus.
- flower types: pre-change flowers and post-change flowers.
- probability of flower being visited by B. sonani: the probability of flower being visited by B. sonani.
- flower types : pre-change flowers and post-change flowers.
- probability of flower being visited by Chorodna strixaria: the probability of flower being visited by Chorodna strixaria.
- flower types: pre-change flowers and post-change flowers.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 8_pollination_treatments.csv
the data showed the relative pollination contribution of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators of Lonicera calcarata and test the plant’s reproductive system.
- Number of variables: 3
- Number of cases/rows: 232
- Variable List:
- the number of fertilized seeds: the number of fertilized seeds in the pollination treatments.
- the total number of fertilized and unfertilized ovules: the number of fertilized and unfertilized seeds in the pollination treatments.
- treatments: the pollination treatments including control, diurnal, nocturnal pollination treatment, cross-pollination, self-pollination, bagged and apomixis pollination treatments.
- Missing data codes: None
- Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None
All these data were collected in the field population in Yunnan province and analyzed in the lab.