Blumea calcicola, a new species restricted to limestone areas in southwestern China, is described and illustrated. Although exhibiting considerable morphological variability that has historically led to confusion with B. aromatica, B. sagittata, B. lanceolaria, and B. balsamifera, this species can be distinguished by the combination of pilose and glandular leaves, usually auriculate leaf bases with appendages, slender capitula, campanulate-cylindrical involucres, small receptacles, 9–11-ribbed achenes, and white to reddish pappus.