Data for: Early sowing of multiple species supports the recovery potential of restored grasslands
Data files
Mar 25, 2026 version files 450.47 KB
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Data_Recovery_years.csv
353.03 KB
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Data_Y0.csv
86.70 KB
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README.md
10.74 KB
Abstract
This dataset contains species cover data from a field mesocosm experiment examining the recovery of recently restored grasslands after disturbance by ploughing. Restored grasslands in eastern Hungary were established by sowing either grass–forb or forb-only seed mixtures and were disturbed after 2–5 years of vegetation development. Percentage cover of all plant species was recorded in spring and fall, both before disturbance and during three years of recovery. Species are listed according to functional groups relevant to the study rather than alphabetically. The dataset allows evaluation of vegetation resilience, particularly the recovery of sown target species.
Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wm37pvn2v
Description of the data and file structure
This dataset contains species cover data from a field mesocosm experiment examining the recovery of recently restored grasslands after disturbance by ploughing. Restored grasslands in eastern Hungary were established by sowing either grass–forb or forb-only seed mixtures and were disturbed after 2–5 years of vegetation development. Percentage cover of all plant species was recorded in spring and fall, both before disturbance and during three years of recovery. Species are listed according to functional groups relevant to the study rather than alphabetically. The dataset allows evaluation of vegetation resilience, particularly the recovery of sown target species.
Files and variables
File: Data_Recovery_years.csv
Description: Percentage cover data of all plant species recorded in spring and fall during three recovery years.
Variables
- SPlot_ID: Unique identifier of each permanent subplot (1 m × 1 m) in the experiment.
- Treatment: The experimental methods applied to each plot, defined by eight distinct levels.
- Main_restoration_type: The restoration approach applied at the start of the experiment, beside forb sowing: sowing the plots with Festuca pseudovina grass seed or leaving the plots unsown. Abbreviations: GD= grass and forb sowing, D= forb-only sowing.
- Delay_forb_sowing: The number of years between grass sowing or leaving the plots unsown and the sowing of forbs.
- Plot: Unique identifier of each plot (4 m × 4 m) in the experiment.
- Subplot: Identifier of the permanent subplot within the plot.
- Diversification_age_at_ploughing: Years elapsed since diverse forb seed mixture sowing at the time of disturbance.
- Recovery_year: Year of survey with three levels.
- Season: Season of the surwey with two levels (S=Summer, F=Fall).
- Achillea_collina: Percentage cover of the species
- Centaurea_jacea_ssp._angustifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Dianthus_pontederae: Percentage cover of the species
- Falcaria_vulgaris: Percentage cover of the species
- Galium_verum: Percentage cover of the species
- Hypericum_perforatum: Percentage cover of the species
- Knautia_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Lotus_corniculatus: Percentage cover of the species
- Lycopsis_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_media: Percentage cover of the species
- Podospermum_canum: Percentage cover of the species
- Rapistrum_perenne: Percentage cover of the species
- Salvia_austriaca: Percentage cover of the species
- Salvia_nemorosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Scabiosa_ochroleuca: Percentage cover of the species
- Securigera_varia: Percentage cover of the species
- Silene_viscosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Thymus_glabrescens: Percentage cover of the species
- Festuca_pseudovina: Percentage cover of the species
- Abutilon_theophrasti: Percentage cover of the species
- Ailanthus_altissima: Percentage cover of the species
- Amaranthus_retroflexus: Percentage cover of the species
- Ambrosia_artemisiifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Anagallis_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Anethum_graveolens: Percentage cover of the species
- Asclepias_syriaca: Percentage cover of the species
- Atriplex_patula: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_sterilis: Percentage cover of the species
- Capsella_bursa-pastoris: Percentage cover of the species
- Celtis_occidentalis: Percentage cover of the species
- Chenopodium_album: Percentage cover of the species
- Chenopodium_hybridum: Percentage cover of the species
- Cichorium_intybus: Percentage cover of the species
- Cirsium_arvense: Percentage cover of the species
- Convolvulus_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Conyza_canadensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Crepis_rhoeadifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Crepis_setosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Cuscuta_sp.: Percentage cover of the species
- Datura_stramonium: Percentage cover of the species
- Digitaria_sanguinalis: Percentage cover of the species
- Echinochloa_crus-galli: Percentage cover of the species
- Elymus_repens: Percentage cover of the species
- Erigeron_annuus: Percentage cover of the species
- Fallopia_convolvulus: Percentage cover of the species
- Galinsoga_parviflora: Percentage cover of the species
- Galium_spurium: Percentage cover of the species
- Helianthus_annuus: Percentage cover of the species
- Hibiscus_trionum: Percentage cover of the species
- Hordeum_murinum: Percentage cover of the species
- Lactuca_serriola: Percentage cover of the species
- Lamium_amplexicaule: Percentage cover of the species
- Lamium_purpureum: Percentage cover of the species
- Malva_neglecta: Percentage cover of the species
- Morus_alba: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_major: Percentage cover of the species
- Poa_annua: Percentage cover of the species
- Polygonum_aviculare: Percentage cover of the species
- Portulaca_oleracea: Percentage cover of the species
- Robinia_pseudoacacia: Percentage cover of the species
- Senecio_vulgaris: Percentage cover of the species
- Setaria_verticillata: Percentage cover of the species
- Silene_alba_ssp._latifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Solanum_nigrum: Percentage cover of the species
- Sonchus_oleraceus: Percentage cover of the species
- Sorghum_halepense: Percentage cover of the species
- Taraxacum_officinalis: Percentage cover of the species
- Alopecurus_pratensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_hordeaceus: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_tectorum: Percentage cover of the species
- Daucus_carota: Percentage cover of the species
- Glechoma_hederacea: Percentage cover of the species
- Humulus_lupulus: Percentage cover of the species
- Koeleria_cristata: Percentage cover of the species
- Lactuca_saligna: Percentage cover of the species
- Lepidium_ruderale: Percentage cover of the species
- Matricaria_recutita: Percentage cover of the species
- Medicago_lupulina: Percentage cover of the species
- Persicaria_lapathifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_lanceolata: Percentage cover of the species
- Poa_angustifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Stellaria_media: Percentage cover of the species
- Ventenata_dubia: Percentage cover of the species
- Veronica_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
File: Data_Y0.csv
Description:
Variables
- SPlot_ID: Unique identifier of each permanent subplot (1 m × 1 m) in the experiment.
- Treatment: The experimental methods applied to each plot, defined by eight distinct levels.
- Main_restoration_type: The restoration approach applied at the start of the experiment, beside forb sowing: sowing the plots with Festuca pseudovina grass seed or leaving the plots unsown. Abbreviations: GD= grass and forb sowing, D= forb-only sowing.
- Plot: Unique identifier of each plot (4 m × 4 m) in the experiment.
- Subplot: Identifier of the permanent subplot within the plot.
- Season: Season of the surwey with two levels (S=Summer, F=Fall).
- Achillea_collina: Percentage cover of the species
- Centaurea_jacea_ssp._angustifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Dianthus_pontederae: Percentage cover of the species
- Falcaria_vulgaris: Percentage cover of the species
- Galium_verum: Percentage cover of the species
- Hypericum_perforatum: Percentage cover of the species
- Knautia_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Lotus_corniculatus: Percentage cover of the species
- Lycopsis_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_media: Percentage cover of the species
- Podospermum_canum: Percentage cover of the species
- Rapistrum_perenne: Percentage cover of the species
- Salvia_austriaca: Percentage cover of the species
- Salvia_nemorosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Scabiosa_ochroleuca: Percentage cover of the species
- Securigera_varia: Percentage cover of the species
- Silene_viscosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Thymus_glabrescens: Percentage cover of the species
- Festuca_pseudovina: Percentage cover of the species
- Abutilon_theophrasti: Percentage cover of the species
- Ailanthus_altissima: Percentage cover of the species
- Amaranthus_retroflexus: Percentage cover of the species
- Ambrosia_artemisiifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_sterilis: Percentage cover of the species
- Capsella_bursa-pastoris: Percentage cover of the species
- Chenopodium_album: Percentage cover of the species
- Chenopodium_hybridum: Percentage cover of the species
- Cirsium_arvense: Percentage cover of the species
- Convolvulus_arvensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Conyza_canadensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Crepis_setosa: Percentage cover of the species
- Crepis_tectorum: Percentage cover of the species
- Digitaria_sanguinalis: Percentage cover of the species
- Echinochloa_crus-galli: Percentage cover of the species
- Elymus_repens: Percentage cover of the species
- Erigeron_annuus: Percentage cover of the species
- Galinsoga_parviflora: Percentage cover of the species
- Hordeum_murinum: Percentage cover of the species
- Juglans_regia: Percentage cover of the species
- Lactuca_serriola: Percentage cover of the species
- Malva_neglecta: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_major: Percentage cover of the species
- Polygonum_aviculare: Percentage cover of the species
- Portulaca_oleracea: Percentage cover of the species
- Setaria_verticillata: Percentage cover of the species
- Silene_alba_ssp._latifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Sonchus_oleraceus: Percentage cover of the species
- Taraxacum_officinalis: Percentage cover of the species
- Alopecurus_pratensis: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_hordeaceus: Percentage cover of the species
- Bromus_tectorum: Percentage cover of the species
- Dactylis_glomerata: Percentage cover of the species
- Festuca_rupicola: Percentage cover of the species
- Koeleria_cristata: Percentage cover of the species
- Picris_hieracioides: Percentage cover of the species
- Plantago_lanceolata: Percentage cover of the species
- Poa_angustifolia: Percentage cover of the species
- Stellaria_media: Percentage cover of the species
- Trifolium_repens: Percentage cover of the species
- Ventenata_dubia: Percentage cover of the species
- Viola_hirta: Percentage cover of the species