*Authors: Colby Behrens (1), Meghan F. Maciejewski (1), Eric Arredondo (1), Anne C. Dalziel (2), Laura K. Weir (2), Alison M. Bell (1,3,4,5)
(1) Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
(2) Department of Biology, St. Marys University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
(3) Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois Urbana?Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
(4) Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana?Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
(5) Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

• README contents:
  -Associated manuscript
  -Study summary
  -Software information
  -Dataset contents

Associated manuscript:

*Title: Divergence in reproductive behaviors is associated with the evolutionary loss of parental care

• Authors: as above

Study summary:

This dataset contains data collected between 2020 and 2021. Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from two Nova Scotian populations, referred to as whites and commons were hybridized and reared in the laboratory. Behavioral measurements were then collected on whites, commons, and a full reciprocal cross of F1 hybrids. We collected data on territorial aggression, nest architecture, courtship, and parenting behaviors to understand how the behaviors have diverged between the two natural populations. See associated manuscript for more information

Software information:

The software R is required to run the analyses performed here. R version 4.0.2 was used in these analyses. The following R packages were loaded: blmeco, plyr, dplyr, lme4, lmerTest, tidyr, ggplot2, multcompView, EnvStats, emmeans, cowplot, emmeans, car, ggpubr, corrplot, gplots, dunn.test

Data and File Overview:

The dataset includes five data files in .csv format and a single R script that is used to analyze all of the data files. Data files are from each major behavior timepoint (aggression, nesting, courtship, parenting) and are described below. An additional file contains data formatted for cross context comparisons. Here, data on nest architecture, the 1st courtship trial, post-fertilization parenting, and 4 days post-fertilization behaviors are organized by male ID. Individual behaviors and column names are described in detail in the supplementary material of the associated manuscript. A single R script is used to analyze all of the data files.

-File 1: Aggression.csv - This file includes data from territorial aggression trials. Variables are described below:

*ID: Name of the focal fish
*date: date of the trial (mm/dd/yyyy)
*observer: observer of the trial
*time: time of the start of the trial.
*intruder_family: Tank that intruder males were drawn from. Focal individuals never interacted with a close relative during a trial
*intruder_section: Section of the tank that the intruder flask was placed
*Population: Population of the focal individual
*Length: Standard length (mm) of the focal individual at the time of the trial
*orient_time: Seconds oriented towards the intruder flask
*intruder_orient_bout: Number of times the focal male oriented to the intruder.
*intruder_section_bout: number of times the focal male entered the section with the intruder male
*intruder_section_time: Time in seconds spent in the intruder's section
*intruder_zigags: Zigzags towards the intruder male
*intruder_leads: Leads toward the intruder male
*intruder_bites: Bites toward the intruder male
*section1_bouts, section2_bouts, section3_bouts: Number of times that a focal male moved into each of the three named sections.
*bites: total number of bites in a trial
*charges: total number of charges in a trial
*fan_bouts, glue_bouts, nest_bouts, leads, fan_time, and nest_time: Courtship and parental behaviors that could occur, and are described in the courtship and parenting sections, but were rare in aggression trials. Their occurrence is recorded here.
*orient1, orient3,total_orient: Number of times the male oriented to a flask in section 1, section 3, and total
*section1_time, section2_time, section3_time: Time spent in each of the three sections

-File 2: Nesting.csv - This file includes data on nest characteristics, which are further descried in the manuscript. Raw nest characteristics include Location (where in the tank the nest was built), Flatness, Opening, Sand, and Algae_mass (part of the main algae clump or separate). NAs in these columns mean that the trait could not be measured or observed without disrupting the experiment or nest. The last four variables were combined into a single nest architecture scale (scale_omsf). To test for robustness, scales including only opening, sand, and flatness (scale_osf) and including only sand and flatness (scale_sf) were also included. Specific columns are described below:

*MaleID: Name of the focal fish
*Date: date of the measurement (mm/dd/yyyy)
*Observer: Initials of the individual recording the data
*Flatness: Score for nest flatness (described in paper)
*Location: The location of the nest in grid format
*Population: Population of the focal fish
*Opening: Score for the nest opening (described in paper)
*Sand: Score for the amount of sand on the nest (described in paper)
*Algae_mass: Score (1 or 5) for if the nest was located in the main algae mass (described in paper)
*scale_omsf: combined opening, flatness, sand, and algae_mass score
*scale_osf: combined opening, sand, and flatness score
*scale_sf: combined sand and flatness score
*Male_length: Standard length (mm) of the focal male. Cells with NA do not have available data.
*Male_weight: Weight in grams of the focal male. Cells with NA do not have available data.

-File 3: Courtship.csv - This file includes data from courtship trials. Metadata on the focal male's ID (ID), trial information (time, femaleID, Male_Female_Date_trial) the female interest level for the trial (finterest), focal male's family (family), population (population), and the order of the trial (trial_order) are included. Remaining columns represent the occurrence or time spent on each of the behaviors described in the manuscript. Specific columns are described below:
Missing data code: NA

*ID: Name of the focal fish
*date:date of the trial (mm/dd/yyyy)
*time: time of the trial
*femaleID: Name of the female fish
*finterest: the female interest level for the trial, with progressively more interest from "No Interest" to "Low Interest" to "High Interest"
*family: clutch name of the focal male
*population: population of the focal male
*ID_interest: merged male ID and "finterest" column
*trial_order: order of the courtship trials for a particular male for each specific female interest (finterest) level
*trial_order_total: The overall order of the courtship trials for a particular male
*length_of_trial: length of the trial in minutes
*observer: initials of the observer
*Male_length: standard length of the male (mm)
*Male_weight: weight of the male (g)
*Male_Female_trial: The ID of the male followed by "_", followed by the ID of the female
*Female.pre.W: Weight of the female (g) before the trial started
*angle_ups: Number of times the female angled her belly up to show interest in the male
*bites: Number of times the focal male bit the female
*chase: Number of times the focal male chased the female
*dorsal_pricks: Number of times the focal male performed a dorsal prick aginst the female
*enter_nest_bouts: Number of times the female entered the nest
*fan_bouts: number of times the male fanned his nest
*glues: number of times the male glued the nest
*inspects: number of times the female inspected the male's nest
*leads: number of times the male led the female to the nest
*nest_bouts: Number of times the male attended his nest
*follows: number of times the female followed the male
*pokes: number of times the male poked the nest
*quivers: number of times the male quivered against the female
*shows: number of times the male showed the female his nest
*thru_nest: number of times the male swam through his nest
*zigzags: number of zigzags the male performed towards the female
*quiver_time: time (s) the male quivered against the female during the trial
*fan_s: time (s) the male spent fanning the nest
*nest_min: time (min) the male spent nesting during the trial

-File 4: Parenting.csv - This file incudes data from parenting trials. As in other files, the columns are named for the occurrence or time spent on each of the behaviors described in the manuscript.
Missing data code: NA
Specific columns are described below:

*ID: Name of the focal fish
*Fert.Date: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) that the male's clutch was fertilized
*AM.PM: Time of the day (AM or PM) that the clutch was fertilized
*days.post.fert: The number of days after clutch ferilization that the trial occurred. Measured in whole or half days
*date: Date (mm/dd/yyyy) of the trial
*time: time of the trial
*observer: initials of the observer
*dispersal: number of egg dispersals in the trial
*fan_bouts: number of times the male fanned the nest
*glues: number of nest glues in the trial
*nest_bouts: number of times the male attended the nest
*pokes: Number of times the male poked the nest
*retrievals: Number of times a dispersed egg was grabbed out of the water column or off the ground
*spits: Number of times the male spit sand or other debris onto the nst
*thru_nest: number of times the male swam through the nest
*fan_time: time(ms) fanning the nest
*nest_time: time (ms) attending the nest
*family: Clutch of the focal male
*Population: Population of the focal male
*fan_s: number of seconds spent fanning the nest
*nest_s: number of seconds spend attending the nest
*nest_min: number of minutes spent attending the nest
*ID_fertdate: merged column of the male's ID and the fertilization date of the clutch
*Male_length: Standard length (mm) of the focal male
*Male_weight: weight (g) of the focal male

-File 5: Cross-context_data.csv - This file includes data from Nesting, Courtship, and Parenting trials. It has been merged across contexts so each male has data on nest architecture, courtship (only from the first trial with an interested female), parenting behavior immediately after fertilization, and parenting 4 days after fertilization, if available. It has been saved separately from other files for ease of analysis. All columns have a prefix (nest, courtship, parent0, parent4) to describe the context of the behavior. "parent0" is from parenting trials immediately after fertilization while "parent4" is from parenting trials 4 days after fertilization. All column names after the prefix have been described for the above files.
Missing data code: NA