Data for: Eco-evolutionary interactions with multiple evolving species reveal both antagonistic and additive effects
Data files
Oct 28, 2024 version files 85.72 KB
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AlgaeXL.csv
33.66 KB
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AllBiomass.csv
23.26 KB
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CC-B.csv
21.31 KB
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README.md
7.50 KB
Abstract
Most eco-evolutionary research focuses predominantly on the ecological effects of single-species evolution. We therefore know little about how eco-evolutionary dynamics play out when multiple species evolve simultaneously. We quantified evolution-mediated ecological effects in communities that were equivalent in genetic diversity and starting biomass but differed in selection background (heatwave exposure) of one or all four zooplankton species (three Daphnia and one Scapholeberis species). We observed transient eco-evolutionary effects that differed depending on which species in the community had evolved. Evolution did not always lead to higher abundances of the evolved species. Indirect effects on species abundances caused by the evolution of another species could be as strong as direct effects mediated by its own evolution. The cumulative effect of evolution in multiple species was antagonistic for community composition and grazing pressure but additive for community-wide biomass. Our results imply that a focus on single-species evolutionary effects on ecology may lead to unreliable predictions when multiple species evolve simultaneously.
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.x95x69pss
An outdoor mesocosm experiment was run for four weeks, taking daily algae measurements to assess community-wide grazing capacity and weekly zooplankton samples to assess community assembly.
We have uploaded our raw data on the zooplankton community composition (CC-B.csv), biomass (AllBiomass.csv), and algae concentration (AlgaeXL.csv). We also uploaded one Rscript (CommunityAssemblyExperiment)
Descriptions
Zooplankton community composition
General description: count data per zooplankton sample taken weekly during the experimental period (total of 4-time points plus the inoculation ratio at Time 0) for every treatment (6 levels), each replicated 6 times. This yields a total of 36 samples per timepoint or 180 samples in total. Individuals in the sample were assigned to the species and stage classes. The distinction among the stage for S. mucronata was not made.
CC-B.csv_Data
Date: Date of sampling (character)
Time: Timepoint from 0 to 4 (integer)
Name: Name of the specific mesocosm, combination of the treatment and replicate (character)
Treatment: Treatment of the specific mesocosm (character). There are 6 options:
- None = None of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- All = All of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- L = Only individuals of D. galeata were previously exposed to heatwave
- M = Only individuals of D. magna were previously exposed to heatwave
- P = Only individuals of D. pulicaria were previously exposed to heatwave
- S = Only individuals of S. mucronata were previously exposed to heatwave
Replicate: Number of replicates within the treatment with a total of 6 replicates (integer)
Replica: Combination of the Treatment and Replicate information (36 options, character)
DMm: Number of D. magna males counted for the zooplankton sample (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DMfnoe: Number of D. magna females without eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DMfe: Number of D. magna females with eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DMf: Number of D. magna females, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DMj: Number of D. magna juveniles (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DLm: Number of D. galeata males counted for the zooplankton sample (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DLfnoe: Number of D. galeata females without eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DLfe: Number of D. galeata females with eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DLf: Number of D. galeata females, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DLj: Number of D. galeata juveniles (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DPm: Number of D. pulicaria males counted for the zooplankton sample (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DPfnoe: Number of D. pulicaria females without eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DPfe: Number of D. pulicaria females with eggs (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DPf: Number of D. pulicaria females, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
DPj: Number of D. pulicaria juveniles (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
S: Number of S. mucronata individuals (numerical, unit: ind/mL)
Zooplankton community biomass
General description: in every zooplankton sample, 10 random adult females were measured for their body size, which gave an average length per sample. These were then converted to average weights for adult females via Length-weight regressions. The average adult biomass per species was then calculated by multiplying the average weight with the absolute adult female abundance. The biomass of the others was calculated with the same method under the assumption that the length of these is on average half of the length of an adult female. The total biomass present per species in each sample was calculated by taking the sum of the female and other biomass. The biomass of S. mucronata is the same across the three columns as no distinction could be made across the stages within this species.
Allbiomass.csv_Data
Time: Timepoint from 0 to 4 (integer)
Name: Name of the specific mesocosm, combination of the treatment and replicate (character)
Treatment: Treatment of the specific mesocosm (character). There are 6 options:
- None = None of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- All = All of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- L = Only individuals of D. galeata were previously exposed to heatwave
- M = Only individuals of D. magna were previously exposed to heatwave
- P = Only individuals of D. pulicaria were previously exposed to heatwave
- S = Only individuals of S. mucronata were previously exposed to heatwave
Replicate: Number of replicates within the treatment with a total of 6 replicates (integer)
Replica: Combination of the Treatment and Replicate information (36 options, character)
DMf: Biomass of D. magna adult females (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DMo: Biomass of D. magna males and juveniles (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DMa: Biomass of all D. magna individuals, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DLf: Biomass of D. galeata adult females (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DLo: Biomass of D. galeata males and juveniles (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DLa: Biomass of all D. galeata individuals, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DPf: Biomass of D. pulicaria adult females (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DPo: Biomass of D. pulicaria males and juveniles (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
DPa: Biomass of all D. pulicaria individuals, total of the previous 2 classes (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
Sf: Biomass of S. mucronata individuals (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
So: Biomass of S. mucronata individuals (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
Sa: Biomass of S. mucronata individuals (numerical, unit: µg/mL)
Phytoplankton concentration
General description: measured daily using handheld fluorometers. We performed two measurements per sample to reduce stochasticity. NA values indicate instances when the fluorometers reported 'over' values for that mesocosm.
AlgaeXL.csv_Data
Name: Name of the specific mesocosm, combination of the treatment and replicate (character)
Treatment: Treatment of the specific mesocosm (character). There are 6 options:
- None = None of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- All = All of the species were previously exposed to heatwave
- L = Only individuals of D. galeata were previously exposed to heatwave
- M = Only individuals of D. magna were previously exposed to heatwave
- P = Only individuals of D. pulicaria were previously exposed to heatwave
- S = Only individuals of S. mucronata were previously exposed to heatwave
Replicate: Number of replicates within the treatment with a total of 6 replicates (integer)
Replica: Combination of the Treatment and Replicate information (36 options, character)
Date: Date of sampling (character)
Chla1: Concentration of phytoplankton in first measurement (numerical, unit:µg/L)
Chla2: Concentration of phytoplankton in second measurement (numerical, unit:µg/L)
Code/Software
R is required to run CommunityAssemblyExperiment; the script was created using version 4.2.3.
Annotations are provided throughout the script to load the library and datasets, run the analyses, and recreate the figures.
Experimental data was obtained from zooplankton samples taken during the experiment and from daily chlorophyll a measurements.
- Vanvelk, Héléne; Govaert, Lynn; van den Berg, Edwin M.; De Meester, Luc (2024). Data for: Eco-evolutionary interactions with multiple evolving species reveal both antagonistic and additive effects. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10964334
- Vanvelk, Héléne; Govaert, Lynn; van den Berg, Edwin M.; De Meester, Luc (2024). Data for: Eco-evolutionary interactions with multiple evolving species reveal both antagonistic and additive effects. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10964333
- Vanvelk, Héléne; Govaert, Lynn; Berg, Edwin van den; Meester, Luc De (2024). Eco-evolutionary interactions with multiple evolving species reveal both antagonistic and additive effects. [Preprint]. Authorea, Inc.. https://doi.org/10.22541/au.171733598.86505519/v1
- Vanvelk, Héléne; Govaert, Lynn; van den Berg, Edwin M.; De Meester, Luc (2024). Eco‐Evolutionary Interactions With Multiple Evolving Species Reveal Both Antagonistic and Additive Effects. Ecology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70006