The oceanic biological pump is responsible for the important transfer of CO2-C as POC “Particulate Organic Carbon” to the deep sea. It plays a decisive role in the Earth’s carbon cycle and significant effort is spent to quantify its strength. In this study we used synchronized daily time-series data of surface chlorophyll-a concentrations from the NASA’s MODIS satellite in combination with hourly to daily observations from sea surface buoys and from an Internet Operated Vehicle (IOV) on the seafloor within Barkley Canyon (Northeast Pacific) to investigate the importance of winter processes in the export of fresh phytodetritus. The results indicate that phytoplankton pulses during winter can be as important in POC transfer to depth as the pulses associated with spring and summer blooms. Short winter phytoplankton pulses were observed to disappear from surface waters after low-pressure systems affected the area. Pulses of chlorophyll reached the IOV, at 870 m depth on the canyon seafloor, 12–72 hours later. These observed short pulses of biological carbon production regularly observed in the region from December to March have not been considered a significant component of the biological pump when compared with the denser summer productivity blooms.
Supplementary video 1_data 1 time lapse_POD1_canyon axis
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 1: (Nov 19-29, 2010 - Canyon Axis). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 2_data 1 time lapse_POD3_canyon wall
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 1: (Nov 15-27, 2010 - Canyon Wall). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 3_data 2 time lapse_POD1_canyon axis
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 2: (Feb 07-18, 2011 - Canyon Axis). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 4_data 2 time lapse_POD3_canyon wall
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 2: (Feb 07-19, 2011 - Canyon Wall). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 5_data 3 time lapse_POD1_canyon axis
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 3: (April 11-23, 2011 - Canyon Axis). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 6_data 3 time lpase_POD3_canyon wall
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 3: (April 11-22, 2011 - Canyon Wall). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 7_data 4 time lapse_POD1_canyon axis
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 4: (May 02-14, 2011 - Canyon Axis). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Supplementary video 8_data 4 time lapse_POD3_canyon wall
Time-lapse video assembled with data from the 675 kHz Kongsberg imaging rotary sonars. Dataset 4: (May 02-13, 2011 - Canyon Wall). Please refer to the ‘Readme’ file, or to the ‘Supplementary Materials’ file available through Nature Scientific Reports, for complete description of the sampling protocol.
Biopump-DataAll
Dataset from a monitoring strategy combining satellite (MODIS), surface ocean weather-buoy (http://www.ec.gc.ca), and multi-sensor time-series data (including video, photographic and acoustic seafloor imaging) of benthic boundary layer processes using Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) seafloor cabled observatory. ONC’s network consists of five subsea observatory nodes linked by 800 kilometers of powered electro-optic cables, looping across the northern Juan de Fuca tectonic plate.
Daily data&fluxes: averaged data from 1 Hz measurements of an internet operated vehicle (IOV) at 870 m water depth in Barkley Canyon, from the NASA MODIS satellite and from a weather buoy near the study site.
Weekly data: calculated weekly averages of our analyses with SeaDAS in comparison with the MODIS, 8-day composites provided by NASA for the same period.
Hourly data: averaged data from 1 Hz measurements of an internet operated vehicle (IOV) at 870 m water depth in Barkley Canyon, from the NASA MODIS satellite and from a weather buoy near the study site.
Fluxes: averaged half hourly data of flow velocity and calculated along- and across canyon fluxes of chlorophyll at 870 m in Barkley Canyon.
SeaDAS: estimations of POC from MODIS satellite-based observations derived via SeaDAS from monthly correlations (December, April) of chlorophyll/POC in surface waters.
Benthos: relative abundances (%) of benthic fauna at the study site and environmental conditions at that time, using sensor data from the IOV.