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Dryad

Data from: Protocol dependence and state variables in the force-moment ensemble

Cite this dataset

Bililign, Ephraim S.; Kollmer, Jonathan E.; Daniels, Karen E. (2019). Data from: Protocol dependence and state variables in the force-moment ensemble [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9jp26bk

Abstract

Stress-based ensembles incorporating temperature-like variables have been proposed as a route to an equation of state for granular materials. To test the efficacy of this approach, we perform experiments on a two-dimensional photoelastic granular system under three loading conditions: uniaxial compression, biaxial compression, and simple shear. From the interparticle forces, we find that the distributions of the normal component of the coarse-grained force-moment tensor are exponential-tailed, while the deviatoric component is Gaussian-distributed. This implies that the correct stress-based statistical mechanics conserves both the force-moment tensor and the Maxwell-Cremona force-tiling area. As such, two variables of state arise: the tensorial angoricity and a new temperature-like quantity associated with the force-tile area which we name keramicity. Each quantity is observed to be inversely proportional to the global confining pressure; however only keramicity exhibits the protocol-independence expected of a state variable, while tensorial angoricity behaves as a variable of process.

Usage notes

Funding

National Science Foundation, Award: DMR-1206808