In the Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris), a North American songbird, populations on the Atlantic coast and interior southern United States are known to be allopatric during the breeding season, but efforts to map connectivity with wintering ranges have been largely inconclusive. Using genomic and morphological data from museum specimens and banded birds, we found evidence of three genetically differentiated Painted Bunting populations with distinct wintering ranges and molt-migration phenologies. In addition to confirming that the Atlantic coast population remains allopatric throughout the annual cycle, we identified an unexpected migratory divide within the interior breeding range. Populations breeding in Louisiana winter on the Yucatán Peninsula, and are parapatric with other interior populations that winter in mainland Mexico and Central America. Across the interior breeding range, genetic ancestry is also associated with variation in wing length, suggesting that selection may be promoting morphological divergence in populations with different migration strategies.
Pciris_mtDNA_ND2
ND2 sequence alignment in phylip format
Pciris_ND2.phy
R_scripts
R scripts used for multivariate genomic analysis, mtDNA analysis, morphology, dadi data preparation, dadi model to demographic value conversion, and all figures.
specimen_data
Museum and band numbers for specimens analyzed in this study, plus wing length and tarsus measurements for interior samples.
ddRAD_assembly
ddRAD sequence assembly in vcf and structure format, and pyRAD sequence assembly parameters file.
dadi
demographic analysis (dadi) python scripts and dadi-formatted input file.
Pciris_reads_1of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.
Pciris_reads_2of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.
Pciris_reads_3of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.
Pciris_reads_4of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.
Pciris_reads_5of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.
Pciris_reads_6of6
100bp SR sequence reads from an illumina Hiseq 2500 for Passerina ciris. Library prepped via ddRAD protocol with enzymes sbf1 and msp1. Reads were demultiplexed in pyrad v 3-0-65 (command "pyrad -p params.txt -s 1") but have had no other processing.