A new fossil family of aculeate wasp sheds light on early evolution of Apoidea (Hymenoptera)
Data files
Aug 09, 2024 version files 71.97 KB
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README.md
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Rosa___Melo_Matrix_Burmasphecidae.nex
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Rosa___Melo_Tree_A_Burmasphecidae.tre
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Rosa___Melo_Tree_B_Burmasphecidae.tre
Abstract
In the present work, we describe a new fossil family of Apoidea supported by phylogenetic analyses involving both fossil and extant groups. †Burmasphecidae fam.n. is based on †Burmasphex Melo & Rosa, a genus described from Burmese amber. We include in this family the monotypic genus †Decasphex Zheng, Zhang & Rasnitsyn also from Burmese amber. Additionally, we describe two new genera and four new species in †Burmasphecidae fam.n.: †Burmasphex mirabilis sp.n.; †Simplisphex gen.n., containing S. scutellatus sp.n. and †S. burmensis sp.n.; and †Callisphex robustus gen. et sp.n. In our phylogenetic study, we extended a pre-existing matrix of morphological data and analyzed it under parsimony and Bayesian inference. In the Bayesian inference analyses, the morphological dataset was partitioned under a homoplasy criterion. We postulate the first phylogenetic hypotheses for the placement of †Angarosphecidae based on the type species, †Angarosphex myrmicopterus Rasnitsyn, plus a new Burmese amber taxon, †A. alethes sp.n. We demonstrate that †Burmasphecidae fam.n. clearly belongs to Apoidea and has a sister relationship with the other representatives of the superfamily. Our results indicate that †Burmasphecidae fam.n. and †Angarosphecidae are distinct lineages, with the second more derived than the first. We discuss the phylogenetic relationships of these fossil lineages with extant groups of both Apoidea and other Aculeata, and present for the first time morphological evidence supporting the clade Formicidae + Apoidea. Finally, we indicate some considerations about the paleoenvironment and the nature of the Burmese amber biota, suggesting an alternative hypothesis to the island endemism described in previous works.
README: A new fossil family of aculeate wasps sheds light on the early evolution of Apoidea (Hymenoptera)
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3ffbg79nk
Description of the data and file structure
Authors:
Brunno B. Rosa* & Gabriel A. R. Melo
*Corresponding author: brunnobueno27@gmail.com
Files and variables
File: Rosa___Melo_Matrix_Burmasphecidae.nex
Description: Data matrix
File: Rosa___Melo_Tree_A_Burmasphecidae.tre
Description: Bayesian tree with majority rule consensus with all-compatible groups added (Contype = allcompat)
File: Rosa___Melo_Tree_B_Burmasphecidae.tre
Description: Bayesian tree with 50% majority rule consensus (Contype = Halfcompat)