The first set of data comprise FTIR spectra of Ca-alginate, Ag/Ca-alginate, pure PVA, PVA/Ca-alginate, and PVA/Ag/Ca-alginate fibers. The fibers were obtained by extrusion and gelation of the aqueous solutions with following compositions: for Ag/Ca-alginate fibers - 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate and AgNPs at 2.6 mM, for Ca-alginate fibers - 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, for PVA fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA, for PVA/Ca-alginate fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA and 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, and for PVA/Ag/Ca-alginate fibers - 5.7 % w/v PVA, 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate and AgNPs at 2.6 mM.

The second set of data are UV-Visible absorption spectra of the initial PVA/Ag/Na-alginate colloid solution (5.7 % w/v PVA, 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, 2.6 mM nominal silver concentration) and resulting fibers produced after gelling of alginate after dissolution in 2.28 % w/v sodium citrate solution.

The third set of data are force and stroke values over time measured by using a Universal Testing Machine for Ca-alginate fibers obtained from the 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate solution and PVA/Ca-alginate fibers, obtained from the solution containing 5.67 % w/v PVA and 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate at the initial time, and after drying and rehydration for 24 h and 48 h in physiological saline solution. 

The IR spectra of dry Ca-alginate, Ag/Ca-alginate, PVA, PVA/Ca-alginate, and PVA/Ag/Ca-alginate fibers in the form of KBr pellets were recorded in the transmission mode between 400 and 4000 cm^-1 using a BOMEM MB100 spectrophotometer (Hartmann & Braun, Canada), while the IR spectrum of Na-alginate powder was recorded in the transmission mode between 550 and 4000 cm⁻¹ by using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS10 FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) with a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹, operating in ATR mode. Data were collected in the prn format and converted to xls format.

UV–visible spectroscopy (UV-3100 spectrophotometer, MAPADA, Shanghai, China) was used to confirm the presence of silver nanoparticles in the initial PVA/Ag/Na-alginate colloid solution (5.7 % w/v PVA, 1.27 ± 0.08 w/v Na-alginate, 2.6 mM nominal silver concentration) and resulting fibers produced after gelling of alginate. The fibers were dissolved in 2.28 % w/v sodium citrate solution. In brief, wet hydrogel weight of 0.1 g was dissolved in 2.9 cm³ of the solution and the dry hydrogel weight of 0.01 g in 6 cm³. Data are obtained as sca and traferred to xls format.

Mechanical properties of Ca-alginate fibers obtained from the 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate solution and PVA/Ca-alginate fibers, obtained from the solution containing 5.67 % w/v PVA and 1.27 ± 0.08 % w/v Na-alginate at the initial time, and after drying and rehydration for 24 h and 48 h in physiological saline solution were determined by testing at a Universal Testing Machine, AG–X Plus ( Shimadzu , Japan ). The initial grip separation was set at 30 mm and the test speed was set at 10 mm min^-1. The fibers were moistened with distilled water during the mechanical testing experiments. All measurements were done at room temperature. Data are exported directly to xls format.