A new species and a new combination in Protoperidinium sect. Oceanica (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) from Vietnamese waters

Phan, Luom1 ; Krakhmalnyi, Maxim2 ; Le, Ha3; Tran, Van1 ; Tran, Hue1 ; Huynh, Ngoc Duyen1 ; Darki, Behrouz4 ; Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr2

Published Jan 12, 2024 on Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.83bk3j9zw

Data files

Jan 12, 2024 version files 16.66 KB

Abstract

In this study, we described and illustrated details of a new species, Protoperidinium vietnamicum sp. nov., from Vietnamese coastal waters and Protoperidinium curvicorne (Böhm) comb. Nov. is proposed as a new combination. Each cell's size range (length, width, and depth) was measured, and the morphological features of both species described here and selected related species in the Oceanica section were compared. In addition, the ecology and distribution of both species were given.

README

Title dataset: A new species and a new combination in Protoperidinium sect. Oceanica (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) from Vietnamese waters

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.83bk3j9zw

Give a brief summary of dataset contents, contextualized in experimental procedures and results.

Supplementary Figure S1. Box plots of morphological biometric variation of thirteen Protoperidinium species belonging to section Oceanica in Vietnamese waters. Box diagrams show mean values (horizontal lines) and standard deviation bars. Described in Methods: Biometric analyses and box plots.

Supplementary Table S1. Ecology and distribution of Protoperidinium vietnamicum sp. nov. and P. curvicorne (Böhm) comb. nov. in Vietnamese and Iranian waters. Described in Methods: Ecology and distribution

Supplemental Table S2. Summarise the morphological biometrical characterizations of Protoperidinium species belonging to the section *Ocenica *from Vietnamese waters. Described in Methods: Comparison of the morphological biometrical characterizations.

Description of the data and file structure

Data-specific information for: Supplemental-Figure-S1.csv

1. Number of variables: 5

2. Number of cases/rows: 152

3. Variable List:

Species name: Protoperidinium species name.
Length (μm): the length of each cell was measured.
Width (μm): the width of each cell was measured.
Depth (μm): the depth of each cell was measured.
L/W ratio: the length-to-width ratio of each cell was measured.

4. Missing data codes: NA (data not applicable)

5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None

P = Protoperidinium, L = Length, W = Width, D = Depth

Data-specific information for: Supplemental-Table-S1.csv

1. Number of variables: 9

2. Number of cases/rows: 28

3. Variable List:

Species name: Protoperidinium species name.
Sites: where species was found.
Sampling locations: where sample was collected.
Latitude (°N): the latitude of a site where sample was collected (degrees north).
Longitude (°E): the longitude of a site where sample was collected (degrees east).
Collection date: the date on which the sample was collected.
Water depth (meter): The depth of water measured at the sampling location.
Temperature (°C): the temperature of water measured while the sample was collected.
Salinity (Psu): the salinity of water measured while the sample was collected.

4. Missing data codes: NA (data not applicable)

5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:

Jan = January, Feb = February, Mar = March, Apr = April, Jun = June, Jul = July, Aug = August, Oct = October, Nov = November

Data-specific information for: Supplemental-Table-S2.csv

1. Number of variables: 10

2. Number of cases/rows: 13

3. Variable List:

Species name: Protoperidinium species name.
Apical horn: the morphological characteristics of apical horn.
Cingulum / Descending width cingulum offset: the morphological characteristics of cingulum/Cingulum descending with about \ times girdle widths.
Antapical horns: the morphological characteristics of antapical horns.
Sulcus: the morphological characteristics of sulcus in ventral of the hypotheca.
Type of 2a plate: the shape of the second intercalary plate observed in the dorsal of epitheca.
Length (μm): the length of each cell was measured.
Width (μm): the width of each cell was measured.
Depth (μm): the depth of each cell was measured.
L/W ratio: the length-to-width ratio of each cell was measured.
References: the source of information of data.

4. Missing data codes: None

5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None

Methods

Sampling

These datasets were created from phytoplankton samples collected with vertical net hauls (mesh size – 25 µm and net diameter – 30 cm) at locations along Vietnamese coastal water, proven from associated projects in Vietnam.

Analyses

Take photographs:

Cells were observed by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). LM was performed using a Leica DMLB (Solms, Germany), and a digital camera DP71 (Olympus) was used for micro-photography. SEM was scanned on the Hitachi S4800 Field-Emission SEM (Hitachi Manufacturing Institute) at a voltage of 10.0 kV and a working distance of 8.3–9.2 mm.

Biometric analyses:

Morphological measurements of cells from each photographed cell were carried out by light microscopy using imaging software (Standard cellSens ver. 3.1.1, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).

The length (L) of the cell was measured from the epitheca's apex to the hypotheca's antapex.
The width (W) of the cell was measured directly in front of the cingulum or behind it, not including the cingular lists.
Depth (or height in some literature) (D) was measured in its widest part in lateral view, not including the cingular lists.
L/W ratio showing the variability in the cell size between Protoperidinium species section Oceanica.

Ecology and distribution:

Physical conditions such as temperature, salinity, and depth profile were measured at each sampling time using SeaBird 19 plus CTD (Sea-Bird Scientific, USA). Data from CTD were downloaded and processed using software from the manufacturer.
The GPS coordinates are collected at each station.
NA denotes missing values.

Comparison of the morphological biometrical characterizations:

The morphological characterizations of Protoperidinium species and the use of biometric terminology and abbreviations are as follows:

Apical horn: forms the apex of the cell and is formed by the apical plates.
Antapical horns: typically formed by antapical plates.
Cingulum: located approximately at the midpoint of the cell. When the cingulum is displaced, descending is the most common; the distal end is below the proximal end, which is always on the left side of the cell.
Sulcus: the longitudinal area on the ventral surface of the cell in Protoperidinium species, which is mainly in the ventral of the hypotheca.

The names of the thecal plates are abbreviated according to the Kofoid tabulation system as follows:

Intercalary plates (1a-3a) at epitheca do not touch the apex and the cingulum; the shape of the second anterior intercalary (2a) plate, such as quadra (four-sided), penta (five-sided), and hexa (six-sided).

Box plots:

Box plots were created by RStudio using the package "ggplot2" (Wickham, 2009). Wickham, H. (2009) Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. 2nd Edition, Springer, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3.