Manufacturing of high strength and high conductivity copper with laser powder bed fusion
Data files
Jan 30, 2024 version files 3.77 MB
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README.md
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Supporting_data_for_Fig._1b.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Fig._3c.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Fig._3e.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Fig._4a.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Fig._5a.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13b.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13e.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._4a.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._5c.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._7c.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9a.xlsx
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Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9b.xlsx
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), known as 3D printing, enables rapid fabrication of geometrically complex copper (Cu) components for electrical conduction and heat management applications. However, pure Cu or Cu alloys produced by 3D printing often suffer from either low strength or low conductivity at room and elevated temperatures. Here, we demonstrate a design strategy for 3D printing of high strength, high conductivity Cu by uniformly dispersing a minor portion of lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanoparticles in pure Cu through laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). We show that trace additions of LaB6 to pure Cu result in an improved L-PBF processability, an enhanced strength, and improved thermal stability, all whilst maintaining a high conductivity. The presented strategy could expand the applicability of 3D-printed Cu components to more demanding conditions where high strength, high conductivity, and thermal stability are required.
README
This README file was generated on 2024-01-13 by Yingang Liu.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Title of Dataset: Manufacturing of High Strength and High Conductivity Copper with Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Author Information
**A. Corresponding Author Contact Information** * Name: Ranming Niu * Institution: The University of Sydney * Email: ranming.niu@sydney.edu.au **B. Corresponding Author Contact Information** * Name: Christopher Hutchinson * Institution: Monash University * Email: christopher.hutchinson@monash.edu **C. Corresponding Author Contact Information** * Name: Ming-Xing Zhang * Institution: The University of Queensland * Email: mingxing.zhang@uq.edu.au **D. First Author Contact Information** * Name: Yingang Liu * Institution: The University of Queensland * Email: yingangliu@nwpu.edu.cn **E. First Author Contact Information** * Name: Jingqi Zhang * Institution: The University of Queensland * Email: jingqi.zhang@uq.edu.au
Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2021-2023
Geographic location of data collection: The University of Queensland (Australia)
Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data:
* Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP210103162)
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain
Links to publications that cite or use the data:
*Yingang Liu, Jingqi Zhang, Ranming Niu, Mohamad Bayat, Ying Zhou, Yu Yin, Qiyang Tan, Shiyang Liu, Jesper Henri Hattel, Miaoquan Li, Xiaoxu Huang, Julie Cairney, Yi-Sheng Chen, Mark Easton, Christopher Hutchinson, Ming-Xing Zhang. Manufacturing of High Strength and High Conductivity Copper with Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Nature Communications, (2024)*
Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
Was data derived from another source? No
A. If yes, list source(s): NARecommended citation for this dataset:
*Yingang Liu, Jingqi Zhang, Ranming Niu, Mohamad Bayat, Ying Zhou, Yu Yin, Qiyang Tan, Shiyang Liu, Jesper Henri Hattel, Miaoquan Li, Xiaoxu Huang, Julie Cairney, Yi-Sheng Chen, Mark Easton, Christopher Hutchinson, Ming-Xing Zhang (2024). Data from: Manufacturing of High Strength and High Conductivity Copper with Laser Powder Bed Fusion [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9cnp5hqrp*
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
File List:
* Supporting_data_for_Fig._1b.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Fig._3c.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Fig._3e.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Fig._4a.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Fig._5a.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._4a.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._5c.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._7c.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9a.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9b.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13b.xlsx * Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13e.xlsx
Relationship between files, if important: None
Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No
A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA
i. Why was the file updated? NA
ii. When was the file updated? NA
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Fig._1b.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Figure 1b.
Data name: Laser reflectivity of pure Cu, LaB6 and 1.0 wt% LaB6 nanoparticles doped Cu powder feedstock
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: 405.
Variable List:
* Pure Cu, LaB6 and 1.0 wt% LaB6 nanoparticles doped Cu: The sample for laser reflectivity test. * Laser wavelength [nm]: It is defined as the distance between successive peaks of a laser wave. * Laser reflectivity: It is defined as the ratio of reflected laser intensity to the incident laser intensity.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * wt% = Weight percent
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Fig._3c.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Figure 3c.
Data name: The one-dimensional concentration profile for APT
Number of variables: 7
Number of cases/rows: 43.
Variable List:
* Distance [nm]: It is defined as the distance from the initial analysis point. * B [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element La. * B [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element La.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* B = Boron * Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum * at.% = Atom percent * σ = Standard deviation
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Fig._3e.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Figure 3e.
Data name: The one-dimensional concentration profile for APT
Number of variables: 7
Number of cases/rows: 43.
Variable List:
* Distance [nm]: It is defined as the distance from the initial analysis point. * B [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element La. * B [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element La.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* B = Boron * Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum * at.% = Atom percent * σ = Standard deviation
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Fig._4a.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Figure 4a.
Data name: Tensile stress-strain data of pure Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: It depends on the specimen. The maximum number of rows is 11470 (1.0LaB6-Cu).
Variable List:
* Pure Cu, 1.0LaB6-Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu microparticle: The tensile sample. * Engineering strain [%]: It is defined as the change in length divided by the original length. * Engineering stress [MPa]: It is defined as the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. Here, MPa meams one million pascals (Pa).
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper * 1.0LaB6-Cu microparticle = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride microparticles doped copper
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Fig._5a.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Figure 5a.
Data name: Compressive stress-strain data of sheet-based gyroid lattices made of pure Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: 30001.
Variable List:
* Pure Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu: The sample used for compression test. * Engineering strain [%]: It is defined as the change in height divided by the original height. * Engineering stress [MPa]: It is defined as the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. MPa meams one million pascals (Pa).
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._4a.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 4a.
Data name: XRD Spectra
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: 4105
Variable List:
* Pure Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu: The sample for XRD test. * 2θ [degree]: The angle between the incoming and outgoing beam directions. * Intensity: The intensity of an XRD peak. It is related to the number of atoms in the crystal that are capable of scattering X-rays.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._5c.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 5c.
Data name: The one-dimensional concentration profile for APT
Number of variables: 7
Number of cases/rows: 112.
Variable List:
* Distance [nm]: It is defined as the distance from the initial analysis point. * B [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%]: It is defined as the concentration of the element La. * B [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element B. * Cu [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element Cu. * La [at.%] σ: It is defined as the standard deviation of concentration of the element La.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* B = Boron * Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum * at.% = Atom percent * σ = Standard deviation
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._7c.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 7c.
Data name: Tensile stress-strain data of 0.5LaB6-Cu, 1.0LaB6-Cu and 2.0LaB6-Cu
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: It depends on the specimen. The maximum number of rows is 11470 (1.0LaB6-Cu).
Variable List:
* 0.5LaB6-Cu, 1.0LaB6-Cu and 2.0LaB6-Cu: The tensile sample. * Engineering strain [%]: It is defined as the change in length divided by the original length. * Engineering stress [MPa]: It is defined as the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. Here, MPa meams one million pascals (Pa).
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 0.5LaB6-Cu = 0.5 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper * 2.0LaB6-Cu = 2.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9a.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 9a.
Data name: Hardness of 1.0LaB6-Cu at elevated temperatures
Number of variables: 2
Number of cases/rows: 11
Variable List:
* Temperature [℃]: The temperature for heat treatment. * Hardness [HV]: It is defined as the resistance of a material to deformation.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._9b.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 9b.
Data name: Tensile stress-strain data of 1.0LaB6-Cu and 1.0LaB6-Cu subjected to thermal exposure at 550℃ and 1,050℃
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: It depends on the specimen. The maximum number of rows is 14070 (1.0LaB6-Cu 1050℃).
Variable List:
* 1.0LaB6-Cu, 1.0LaB6-Cu 550℃ and 1.0LaB6-Cu 1050℃: The tensile sample. * Engineering strain [%]: It is defined as the change in length divided by the original length. * Engineering stress [MPa]: It is defined as the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. Here, MPa meams one million pascals (Pa).
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * LaB6 = Lanthanum hexaboride * 1.0LaB6-Cu = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper * 1.0LaB6-Cu 550℃ = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper subjected to thermal exposure at 550℃ * 1.0LaB6-Cu 1050℃ = 1.0 weight percent lanthanum hexaboride nanoparticles doped copper subjected to thermal exposure at 1050℃
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13b.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 13b.
Data name: Laser reflectivity of pure Cu and 1.0 wt% TiB2 nanoparticles doped Cu powder feedstock
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: 405.
Variable List:
* Pure Cu and 1.0 wt% TiB2 nanoparticles doped Cu: The sample for laser reflectivity test. * Laser wavelength [nm]: It is defined as the distance between successive peaks of a laser wave. * Laser reflectivity: It is defined as the ratio of reflected laser intensity to the incident laser intensity.
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * TiB2 = Titanium diboride * wt% = Weight percent
#########################################################################
DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Supporting_data_for_Supplementary_Fig._13e.xlsx
This dataset was used to create Supplementary Figure 13e.
Data name: Tensile stress-strain data of pure Cu and 1.0TiB2-Cu
Number of variables: 3
Number of cases/rows: It depends on the specimen. The maximum number of rows is 19150 (1.0TiB2-Cu).
Variable List:
* Pure Cu and 1.0TiB2-Cu: The tensile sample. * Engineering strain [%]: It is defined as the change in length divided by the original length. * Engineering stress [MPa]: It is defined as the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. Here, MPa meams one million pascals (Pa).
Missing data codes: None
Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
* Cu = Copper * TiB2 = Titanium diboride * 1.0TiB2-Cu = 1.0 weight percent titanium diboride nanoparticles doped copper
#########################################################################
Methods
These datasets were collected at University of Queensland (Australia) from 2021 to 2023.
Details for each dataset are provided in the README file.