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Pleistocene dynamics of the Eurasian steppe as a driving force of evolution: Phylogenetic history of the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae)

Cite this dataset

Zerdoner Calasan, Anze et al. (2022). Pleistocene dynamics of the Eurasian steppe as a driving force of evolution: Phylogenetic history of the genus Capsella (Brassicaceae) [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j6q573nf3

Abstract

Capsella is a model plant genus of the Brassicaceae, closely related to Arabidopsis. To disentangle its biogeographical history and intrageneric phylogenetic relationships, 282 individuals of all five currently recognised Capsella species were genotyped, using a restriction digest-based next generation sequencing method. Our analysis retrieved two main lineages within Capsella that split c. one million years ago, with western C. grandiflora and C. rubella forming a sister lineage to the eastern clade consisting of C. orientalis. The split was attributed to continuous latitudinal displacements of the Eurasian steppe belt to the south during early Pleistocene glacial cycles. During the interglacial cycles of the Late Pleistocene, hybridisation of the two lineages took place in the southwestern East European Plain, leading to the allotetraploid C. bursa-pastoris. Extant genetic variation within Capsella orientalis postdated any extensive glacial events. Ecological niche modelling showed that suitable habitat for C. orientalis existed during the Last Glacial Maximum around the north coast of the Black Sea and in southern Kazakhstan. Such a scenario is also supported by population genomic data that uncovered the highest genetic diversity in the south Kazakhstan cluster, suggesting that C. orientalis originated in continental Asia and migrated north- and possibly eastwards after the last ice age. Post-glacial hybridisation events between C. bursa-pastoris and C. grandiflora/rubella in the southwestern East European Plain and the Mediterranean gave rise to C. thracica. Introgression of C. grandiflora/rubella into C. bursa-pastoris resulted in a new Mediterranean cluster within the already existing Eurasian C. bursa-pastoris cluster. This study shows that the continuous displacement and disruption of the Eurasian steppe belt during the Pleistocene was the driving force in the evolution of Capsella.

Usage notes

The supplementary material consists of two sets of files:

'caps_0_95_min141_max005_outfiles' represent the raw output files of the ipyrad analysis of a taxon sample containing all 282 accessions of the five investigated Capsella species.

0_95 refers to the ## [14] [clust_threshold]: Clustering threshold for de novo assembly in the ipyrad parameter file
min141 refers to the ## [21] [min_samples_locus]: Min # samples per locus for output in the ipyrad parameter file
max005 refers to the ## [22] [max_SNPs_locus]: Max # SNPs per locus in the ipyrad parameter file

'ori_0_95_min117_max005_outfiles' represent the raw output files of the ipyrad analysis of a taxon sample containing 235 investigated Capsella orientalis accessions.

0_95 refers to the ## [14] [clust_threshold]: Clustering threshold for de novo assembly in the ipyrad parameter file
min117 refers to the ## [21] [min_samples_locus]: Min # samples per locus for output in the ipyrad parameter file
max005 refers to the ## [22] [max_SNPs_locus]: Max # SNPs per locus in the ipyrad parameter file

Funding

Deutsche Herzstiftung, Award: NE 314/15-1