Decoupled responses of above- and below-ground beta-diversity to nitrogen enrichment in a typical steppe
Data files
Nov 07, 2023 version files 148.85 KB
Abstract
Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems. However, we do not know whether the effects of N on above-ground plant β-diversity are coupled with changes occurring in the soil seed bank. We conducted a long-term N-addition experiment in a typical steppe and found that above-ground β-diversity increased and then decreased with increasing N addition, whereas below-ground β-diversity decreased linearly. This suggests decoupled dynamics of plant communities and their soil seed bank under N enrichment. Species substitution determined above- and below-ground β-diversity change via an increasing role of deterministic processes with N addition. These effects were mostly driven by differential responses of the above-ground vegetation and the soil seed bank β-diversities to N-induced changes in environmental heterogeneity, increased soil inorganic N concentrations and soil acidification. Our findings highlight the importance of considering above- and below-ground processes simultaneously for effectively conserving grassland ecosystems under N enrichment.
README
This README file was generated on 2023-11-07 by Ming Zhao
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. Title of Dataset: Decoupled responses of above- and below-ground beta-diversity to nitrogen enrichment in a typical steppe (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m0cfxpp8z)
2. Author Information:
A. The first author contact Information
Name: Ming Zhao
Institution: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Address: Beijing, China
Email: zhaoming@ibcas.ac.cn
B. Corresponding author Contact Information
Name: Xingguo Han
Institution: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Address: Beijing, China
Email: xghan@ibcas.ac.cn
3. Date of data collection (single date\, range\, approximate date): 2019-2020
4. Geographic location of data collection: The field experiment in a steppe grassland (43°32′45′′N\, 116°40′30′′E) in Xilinhot\, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region\, China
5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: The National Science Foundation of China (42130515)
SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION
1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain
2. Links to publications that cite or use the data:
Ming Zhao, Michel Loreau, Raúl Ochoa-Hueso, Hongxiang Zhang, Junjie Yang, Yunhai Zhang, Heyong Liu, Yong Jiang, Xingguo Han. (2023). Decoupled responses of above- and below-ground beta-diversity to nitrogen enrichment in a typical steppe. Ecology Letters.
3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None
4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None
5. Was data derived from another source? No
A. If yes, list source(s): NA
6. Recommended citation for this dataset:
Zhao, Ming et al. (2023). Data from: Decoupled responses of above- and below-ground beta-diversity to nitrogen enrichment in a typical steppe. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m0cfxpp8z.
DATA & FILE OVERVIEW
1. File List:
A) Aggregated_data.csv
B) plot_level_data.csv
C) soil_data.csv
D) R_code.R
2. Relationship between files\, if important: None
3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None
4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No
A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA
i. Why was the file updated? NA
ii. When was the file updated? NA
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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Aggregated_data.csv
This dataset was a aggregated version of all raw data. It can be read directly into the supplied R code to generate Figures 1-4 and the supplemental figures S1-S6.
1. Number of variables: 41
2. Number of cases/rows: 19
3. Variable List:
- Sampling year: year of the study (2019-2020)
- N addition amount: Nitrogen was added in the form of NH4NO3 with nine different loads (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 50 g m-2 year-1)
- N: The result of log10 conversion of nitrogen addition amount, Units g m-2 year-1
- above-ground vegetation beta diversity average (per m2): The above-ground vegetation beta diversity mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- soil seed bank beta diversity average (per m2): The soil seed bank beta diversity mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- above-ground vegetation beta deviation average (per m2): The above-ground vegetation beta deviation mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- soil seed bank beta deviation average (per m2): The soil seed bank beta deviation mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- above-ground vegetation species substitution average (per m2): The above-ground vegetation species substitution mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- above-ground vegetation species abundance difference average (per m2): The above-ground vegetation species abundance difference mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- soil seed bank species substitution average (per m2): The soil seed bank species substitution mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- soil seed bank species abundance difference average (per m2): The soil seed bank species abundance difference mean of the statistical results of 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- the normalised stochasticity ratio in above-ground vegatation: The contribution of stochastic assembly relative to deterministic assembly in above-ground vegetation, Units %
- the normalised stochasticity ratio in soil seed bank: The contribution of stochastic assembly relative to deterministic assembly in soil seed bank, Units %
- soil environmental heterogeneity: The average value of soil environmental heterogeneity in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- Soil water content: Average soil water content in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units %
- inorganic N concentration: Average soil inorganic N concentration in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units mg/kg
- total C concentration: Average soil total C concentration in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units g/kg
- total N concentration: Average soil total N concentration in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units g/kg
- soil pH: Average soil pH in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- ECEC: Average soil soil effective cation exchange capacity in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units cmol/kg
- proportion of grasses in above-ground: The average value of the proportion of grasses species richness to total above-ground vegetation species richness in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units %
- proportion of Leymus chinensis abundance: The average value of the proportion of Leymus chinensis species abundance to the total aboveground vegetation species abundance in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment, Units %
- similarity between the above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank: The average value of similarity of species composition of above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots with the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Agropyron cristatum in above-ground vegetation: The number of occurrences of Agropyron cristatum in aboveground vegetation in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Agropyron cristatum in soil seed bank: The number of occurrences of Agropyron cristatum in soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Leymus chinensis in above-ground vegetation: The number of occurrences of Leymus chinensis in aboveground vegetation in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Leymus chinensis in soil seed bank: The number of occurrences of Leymus chinensis in soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Chenopodium aristatum in above-ground vegetation: The number of occurrences of Chenopodium aristatum in aboveground vegetation in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Chenopodium aristatum in soil seed bank: The number of occurrences of Chenopodium aristatum in soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Chenopodium glaucum in above-ground vegetation: The number of occurrences of Chenopodium glaucum in aboveground vegetation in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- occurrence frequency of Chenopodium glaucum in soil seed bank: The number of occurrences of Chenopodium glaucum in soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots under the same treatment
- Total species substitution in above-ground vegatation: The total species substitution of above-ground vegetation across 10 repeated plots
- Total abundance difference in above-ground vegatation: The total abundance difference of above-ground vegetation across 10 repeated plots
- Total beta diversity in above-ground vegatation: The total dissimilarity of above-ground vegetation across 10 repeated plots
- relative contributions of the species substitution in above-ground vegatation: The relative relative contribution of total species substitution to total beta diversity of above-ground vegetatiom, Units %
- relative contributions of the abundance difference in above-ground vegatation: The relative contribution of total abundance difference to total beta diversity of above-ground vegetatiom, Units %
- Total species substitution in soil seed bank: The total species substitution of soil seed bank across 10 repeated plots
- Total abundance difference in soil seed bank: The total abundance difference of soil seed bank across 10 repeated plots
- Total beta diversity in soil seed bank: The total dissimilarity of soil seed bank across 10 repeated plots
- relative contributions of the species substitution in soil seed bank: The relative contribution of total species substitution to total beta diversity of soil seed bank , Units %
- relative contributions of the abundance difference in soil seed bank: The relative contribution of total abundance difference to total beta diversity of soil seed bank, Units % 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None ######################################################################### DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: plot_level_data.csv These are the data were distance matrix data for pairwise between 10 replicates plots under different treatment. It used to calculate the mean of beta diversity, the two components of beta diversity, beta deviation, the normalised stochasticity ratio and soil environmental heterogeneity 1. Number of variables: 13 2. Number of cases/rows: 811 3. Variable List:
- Sampling year: year of the study (2019-2020)
- N addition amount: Nitrogen was added in the form of NH4NO3 with nine different loads (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 50 g N m−2 year−1)
- above-ground vegetation beta diversity average (per m2):
- Sampling year: year of the study (2019-2020)
- N addition amount: Nitrogen was added in the form of NH4NO3 with nine different loads (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 50 g N m−2 year−1)
- N: The result of log10 conversion of nitrogen addition amount, Units g m−2 year−1
- above-ground vegetation beta diversity average (per m2): The pairwise beta diversity of above-ground vegetation between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- soil seed bank beta diversity (per m2): The pairwise beta diversity of soil seed bank between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- above-ground vegetation beta deviation (per m2): The pairwise beta deviation of above-ground vegetation between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- soil seed bank beta deviation (per m2): The pairwise beta deviation of soil seed bank between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- above-ground vegetation species substitution (per m2): The pairwise species substitution of above-ground vegetation between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- above-ground vegetation species abundance difference (per m2): The pairwise abundance difference of above-ground vegetation between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- soil seed bank species substitution (per m2): The pairwise species substitution of soil seed bank between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- soil seed bank species abundance difference (per m2): The pairwise abundance difference of soil seed bank between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
- the normalised stochasticity ratio in above-ground vegatation: The pairwise normalised stochasticity ratio of above-ground vegetation between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount, Units %
- the normalised stochasticity ratio in soil seed bank: The pairwise normalised stochasticity ratio of soil seed bank between plot in 10 repeated plots. Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount, Units %
- soil environmental heterogeneity: The pairwise soil environmental heterogeneity between plot in 10 repeated plots.Therefore, there are 45 values in each N addition amount
4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None ######################################################################### DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: soil_data.csv These are the data used to calculate soil environmental heterogeneity, the mean of soil physical and chemical properties and the mean of proportion of grasses and grasses abundance in above-ground vegetation 1. Number of variables: 11 2. Number of cases/rows: 181 3. Variable List: - Sampling year: year of the study (2019-2020)
- N addition amount: Nitrogen was added in the form of NH4NO3 with nine different loads (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 50 g N m−2 year−1)
- Soil water content: Soil water content in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units %
- inorganic N concentration: soil inorganic N concentration in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units mg/kg
- total C concentration: soil total C concentration in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units g/kg
- total N concentration: soil total N concentration in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units g/kg
- soil pH: soil pH in in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount
- ECEC: soil soil effective cation exchange capacity in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units cmol/kg
- proportion of grasses in above-ground: The proportion of grasses species richness to total above-ground vegetation species richness in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units %
- proportion of Leymus chinensis abundance: The proportion of Leymus chinensis abundance to the total aboveground vegetation abundance in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount, Units %
- similarity between the above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank: Similarity of species composition of above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank in 10 repeated plots under different N addition amount 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None ######################################################################### Code/Software: R_code.R 1. For describing R code and the software used to run it: This code is used to generate the figure1\, figure2\, figure3\, figure4\, figureS1-S6\, Drawing data can be read from a file named Aggregated_data.csv. R code were performed using R version 3.4.0. The software packages that need to be loaded before drawing are "ggplot2"\, "nnet"\, "rdacca.hp"\, "vegan".
Methods
Usage notes
These datasets were collected in the field experiment in a steppe grassland in Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China (2019–2020).
Details for each dataset are provided in the README file.
Datasets included:
1) The distance matrix data for pairwise between 10 replicates plots under different treatment
* Beta diversity, beta deviation and the two components of beta diversity in above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank
* The normalised stochasticity ratio in above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank and soil environmental heterogeneity
2) Soil physical and chemical properties and abundance and proportation of grasses
* Six indexes of soil physical and chemical properties (90 plots of 2019-2020)
* The proportion of grasses to total above-ground vegetation species richness (90 plots of 2019-2020)
* The proportion of Leymus chinensis abundance (90 plots of 2019-2020)
3) A aggregated version of all raw data used to make the figures
Additional details are available in the README file.