Invasions of alien species have led to serious problems, including the destruction of native ecosystems. In general, invasive species adapt to novel various environments rapidly, suggesting that they have high genetic diversity that could directly influences environmental adaptability. However, we do not yet know how genomic architecture generates genetic diversity that leads to invasive species. Recent studies showed that the proportion of duplicated genes (PD) in whole animal genomes correlated with environmental variability within habitat. Here, we show that PD and propagule size significantly explain the differences in species categories (invasive species, non-invasive species and parasites). PD correlated negatively with propagule size, and then, based on the residual values of regression of propagule size on PD, invasive species had higher PD values and larger propagule size than non-invasive species whereas parasites had lower PD values and smaller propagule size than others. There were no correlations between invasive species and other genomic factors including genome size, number of genes, and certain gene families. Our results suggest that PD values of a genome might be potential genomic sources producing genetic variations for adaptation to diverse environments. The results also showed that the invasive status of species can be fairly predicted by the residual values of the regression of propagule size on PD. Our innovative approach gives us a measure that can be used to estimate the environmental adaptability of organisms based on genomic data.