Objectives: Perinatal mental health (PMH) problems affect one in five women and cost the United Kingdom (UK) £8.1 billion for every year of births, with 72% of this cost due to the long-term impact on the child. We conducted a rapid review of health economic evaluations of preventative care for perinatal anxiety and associated disorders.

Design: This study adopted a rapid review approach, using principles of the standard systematic review process to generate quality evidence. This methodology features a systematic database search, PRISMA diagram, screening of evidence, data extraction, critical appraisal, and narrative synthesis.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), PsycINFO and MEDLINE.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Studies that evaluated the costs and cost-effectiveness of preventative care for perinatal anxiety and associated disorders carried out within the National Health Service (NHS) and similar healthcare systems.

Data extraction and synthesis: A minimum of two independent reviewers used standardised methods to search, screen, critically appraise and synthesise included studies.

Results: The results indicate a lack of economic evaluation specifically for perinatal anxiety, with most studies focussing on postnatal depression (PND). Interventions to prevent postnatal mental health problems are cost-effective. Modelling studies have also been conducted, which suggest that treating PND with counselling would be cost-effective.

Conclusion: The costs of not intervening in maternal mental health outweigh the costs of preventative interventions. Preventative measures such as screening and counselling for maternal mental health are shown to be cost-effective interventions to improve outcomes for women and children.

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022347859