Absence of a functional gut microbiome impairs host amino acid metabolism in the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi)
Data files
Aug 19, 2024 version files 31.44 KB
Abstract
Nitrogen recycling and amino acid synthesis are two notable ways in which the gut microbiome can contribute to host metabolism, and these processes are especially important in nitrogen-limited animals. Marine elasmobranchs are nitrogen-limited as they require substantial amounts of this element to support urea-based osmoregulation. However, following antibiotic-induced depletion of the gut microbiome elasmobranchs are known to experience a significant decline in circulating urea and seem to employ compensatory nitrogen conservation strategies such as reduced urea and ammonia excretion. We hypothesized that the elasmobranch gut microbiome transforms dietary and recycled nutrients into amino acids, supporting host carbon and nitrogen balance. Here, we found that depleting the gut microbiome of Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi) resulted in a significant reduction in the incorporation of supplemented dietary 15N into plasma amino acids, notably those linked to nitrogen handling and energy metabolism, but had no effect on gut amino acid transport. These results demonstrate the importance of gut microbes to host amino acid pools and the unique nitrogen-handling strategy of marine elasmobranchs. More broadly, these results elucidate how the gut microbiome contributes to organismal homeostasis, which is likely a ubiquitous phenomenon across animal populations.
README: Absence of a functional gut microbiome impairs host amino acid metabolism in the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi)
The data package contains three datasets:
- N_compounds.csv
- delta15Naminoacids.csv
- fluxdata.csv
Datasets of the recorded variables
(1) N_compounds.csv
This dataset contains δ15N values for bulk tissue as well as protein, free amino acids, urea, and ammonia from various dogfish tissues following either a saline or antibiotic treatment.
Variable names with descriptions:
Dogfish_ID: unique ID code for each fish from which tissues were collected.
Treatment: Either 72_Control or 72_Antibiotic, indicating whether the individual was apart of the control or antibiotic treated groups.
Tissue: the tissue that was collected and analyzed for δ15N values. ant_intest = anterior intestinal fold; mid_intest = middle intestinal fold; post_intest = posterior intestinal fold; liver = liver; plasma = plasma; muscle = white muscle.
N_component: the nitrogenous compound that was isolated from the sample and analyzed for δ15N values. amino = free amino acids; protein = protein; whole = bulk tissue; ammonia = ammonia; urea = urea.
delta_N15: the δ15N values that correspond to each individual nitrogenous compound within a tissue sampled.
(2) delta15Naminoacids.csv
This dataset contains δ15N values for individual amino acids from various dogfish tissues following either a saline or antibiotic treatment.
Variable names with descriptions:
fish_ID: unique ID code for each fish from which tissues were collected.
treatment: Either C (control) or ABX (antibiotic), indicating whether the individual was apart of the control or antibiotic treated groups.
tissue: the tissue that was collected and analyzed for δ15N values. liver = liver; plasma = plasma; muscle = white muscle.
sample: whether the sample was taken as a baseline (BL) at the time of feeding (only for the plasma) or 72 hours after feeding during the dissection (TD).
aminoacid: the amino acid that was measured, indicated by the standard three letter code for that amino acid.
delta: the δ15N values that correspond to each individual amino acid within the tissue sampled.
(3) fluxdata.csv
This dataset contains flux data for the amino acids leucine and alanine across the intestine of Pacific spiny dogfish following either a saline or antibiotic treatment.
Variable names with descriptions:
ID: unique ID code for each fish from which tissues were collected.
Treatment: Either Control or ABX (antibiotic), indicating whether the individual was apart of the control or antibiotic treated groups.
Concentration: the concentration of the amino acid added to the mucosal side of the flux chamber in, mM, either 1 or 10.
amino: the amino acid that was measured, indicated by the standard three letter code for that amino acid.
app: serosal appearance rate (nmol h-1 cm-2)
tissue: tissue accumulation (pmol h-1 g tissue-1)