Wolverton basin in Sequoia National Park is instrumented with four instrument clusters (site 1 through site 4) and two meteorological stations (Panther met and Wolverton met).

Soil moisture and temperature, snow depth, solar radiation and meteorological data (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction and precipitation) are measured across the network. Snow depth is measured in the open, at the drip edge and under tree canopies. Soil moisture and temperature are measured at 10, 30, 60 and 90 cm depths. Raw data have been processed to level 1 (QA/QC) data. Time period: wy2007 through wy2016.

Soil volumetric water content (VWC) and soil temperature are measured using Campbell Scientific CS 616 Water Content Reflectometer and 107 temperature probe at depths of 10, 30 and 60 cm below the mineral soil surface (http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/). Soil water matric potential (MPS) is measured using Decagon Devices MPS-1 dielectrical water potential sensor at depths of 10 30 and 60 cm below the mineral soil surface ( http://www.decagon.com/products/discontinued-products/mps... ). Distance to snow/soil surface and air temperature are measured with Judd Communications ultrasonic depth sensor, using analog control ( http://www.juddcom.com/ ). Total solar radiation is measured using LI-COR Environmental LI-200 Pyranometer ( http://www.licor.com/env/products/light/pyranometer.jsp ). Net radiation is measured using Kipp & Zonen NR Lite net radiometer (http://www.kippzonen.com/?product/3151/NR+Lite2.aspx ). Relative humidity and air temperature are measured using Campbell Scientific HMP45C probe ( http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/hmp45c.pdf ). Wind speed and direction is measured using Campbell Scientific R.M. Young 05103-5 Wind Monitor ( http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/05103.pdf ). Rainfall is measured using Campbell Scientific TE525 Tipping Bucket Rain Gage (http://www.campbellsci.com/documents/manuals/te525.pdf ). Data recorded at 60-minute intervals, with control and storage on Campbell Scientific CR1000 datalogger, using AM16/32B multiplexer ( http://www.campbellsci.com ). Program for data acquisition are located on UC Merced-SNRI digital library ( https://eng.ucmerced.edu/snsjho/files/MHWG/Field/SEKI/Wol... )

Wolverton Creek. DE: drip edge of canopy; UC: under canopy; O: open canopy.

Time zone: Pacific Standard Time.

Please see README and Providence_met_soil_snow_metadata.xml for additional information